Acute Hypercalcaemia Flashcards
<3.0mmol in Acute Hypercalcaemia. What to do?
Often Asymptomatic
Not require urgent correction
> 3.5mmol in Acute Hypocalcaemia what to do?
Urgent Correction
What Parathyroid causes of Hypercalcaemia (3)
Primary Hyperparathyriodism
MEN Syndrome
Renal Failure
What Non-parathyroid mediated causes of Hypercalcaemia (6)
Hypercalcaemia of Malignancy PTHrp Activation of Extrarenal 1 Alpha hydroxyls = increased calcitrol Vit D Intoxification Sarcoid Chronic Granulomatous Disorders
Which medications can cause Hypercalcaemia? (5)
Thiazide Diuretics Lithium Teriparatide Excessive Vit A Theophylline Toxicity
What else can cause Hypercalcaemia? (6)
Hyperthyroid Acromegaly Phaeocromocytoma Addisons Immbolise Milk Alkali Syndrome
Symptoms and Signs of Hypercalcaemia (15)
Bones, Stones, Groans and Psychic Moans
- Polyuria
- Polydipsia
- Nephrolithiasis
- Nephrocalcinosis
- Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Inspidius
- Acute/Chronic Renal Dysfunction
- Anorexia
- Nausea and Vomit
- Pancreatitis
- Peptic Ulcer
- Muscle Weak
- Bone Pain
- Osteopenia
- Osteoporosis
What neurological features are common in Hypercalcaemia (5)
Decreased Concentration Confused Fatigue Stupor Coma
What Cardio features are common in hypercalcaemia (3)
shortening of QT
Bradycardia
Hypertension
What tests to do for Hypercalcaemia? (3)
Check Calcium and Albumin
Corrected Calcium Corrected
PTH
If PTH is normal or increased in Hypercalcaemia what is the diagnosis
Primary Hyperparathyrodism
If PTH is low in Hypercalcaemia what is the diagnosis
Malignancy
Drug Causes
Management of Hypercalcaemia (2)
Rehydration 0.9% Saline
IV Bisphosphonates: Zolendronic Acid
