Emotions Flashcards
what brain system is involved in emotions
Limbic system
what structures of the brain make up the limbic system
Hypothalmus
Amygdala
Thalamus
Hippocampus
Acronym: HAT Hippo
what is the Limbic system responsible for in addition to regulating emotions?
storage/ retrieval of memories
Sensory relay station (signals from nerves end up here)
Thalamus (information from all senses except smell)
Agression center of the brain
amygdala
what syndrome results from destroying amygdala?
what is it characterized by?
- Kluver-Bucy syndrome
- putting objects in mouth a lot and inappropriate behavior
structure of the brain that plays a key role in forming new memories
what other functions does this does this structure perform?
Hippocampus
1)Executive functions
what hemisphere of the brain does positive emotion evoke more activity?
Left
what hemisphere of the brain does Negative emotion evoke more activity?
Right
This region of the brain is responsible for higher order functions (what makes us human)
prefrontal cortex
what are the 3 components to emotion?
Physiological
Behavioral
Cognitive
who postulated that there are 6 universal emotions?
What are they?
Paul Ekman Paul EEee-KKK man-->emotion -Happiness -Sadness -Surprise -fear -Digust -Anger
Theory of emotion:
1) Event
2) Physiological response
3) Interpretation of response
4) emotion
James Lang Theory
Theory of Emotion:
1) Event
2) Phys response and Emotion
Cannon-Bard
Theory of Emotion:
1) Event
2) Phys response
3) Identify reason for response
4) Emotion
Schacter- Singer
Theory of Emotion
1) Event
2) Appraise(label)
3) Emotion + Physiological response
Lazarus
“LAzarus= LAbel”
Fill in the Theory of Emotion for the number:
1) Physiological–>emotion
2) Cognitive–>Emotion+Phys
3) Physiology+Emotion(togeth)
4) Phys +cognitive–>emotion
1) James Lang
2) Lazarus
3) Cannon Bard
4) Schachter-Singer
Law that states the people perform better when moderatly aroused.
Yerkes-Dodson Law
It encompasses both the stressor and the stress reaction
stress
Threatening/challenging even
stressor
subsequent physical and emotional response
Stress reaction
Theory that states stress arises less from physical events but more from the assessment/interpretation of those stresses/events
who is responsible for this theory?
Appraisal Theory of Stress
Richard Lazarus
-Same theory of emotion guy
Initial evaluation(assessment) of stress (right now)
Primary Appraisal
what are the 3 interpretations that one can make in the primary appraisal stage of stress?
Irrelevent- the stessor isnt going to effect me
Benign- the stessor is positive
Stressful- the stressor is negative
what is secondary appraisal?
what harm has this stressor caused or what harm will it cause?
Harm/ Threat
what are the 4 categories of stressors?
1) significant life changes
2) catastrophic events
3) Daily Hassels
4) Ambient stressors
what is an ambient stressor?
global stressors that are integrated into the ENVIRONMENT
can be unaware of these
Example: Pollution, Noise, Crowding
who came up with the “fight or Flight” response definition of the sympathetic nervous system?
Walter Cannon
Mnemonic: Cannons are a form of fighting
what is the endocrine response to stress?
1) Adrenal Medulla Releases Catecholamines
2) Adrenal Cortex releases Cortisol (glucocorticoid)
acronym CORTisol is released by the CORTex
what are examples of Catecholamines
Epinephrin/adrenaline
and
Norepinephrine/ noradrenaline
what is the role of cortisol in stress?
redistributes glucose energy in body
supresses Immune system
where are our adrenal glands located?
On top of your kidneys
what is the opposite response to the fight or flight response? What hormone is responsible for this response?
“Tend or Befriend”
Oxytocin
-Integrated with estogen(more common in women)
Hans Selye’s overview of the Stress response, in which he identified 3 distinct phases
what are the phases?
General Adaptation Syndrome
(G.A.S)
1-Alarm
2-Resistance
3-Exhaustion
inability to experience pleasure–> so perceive more stress
anhedonia
what physiological areas of the body are effected by Chronic Stress?
1) Heart
2) Metabolism
3) Reproductive
4) Immune Function
Chronic stress effects on heart
hypertension + vacular disease leads too —>Coronary Artery disease
Chronic stress effects on effects on reproduction
In women–reduced FSH/LH
In Men-Reduced Testosterone
what are the two areas of the brain with the most glucocorticoid(cortisol) receptors
Hippocampus and frontal Cortex
what is the major emotional responses to stress?
Depression
what part of the frontal cortex stops responding to serotonin when the body is stressed?
anterior cingulate
(anterior part of the frontal cortex)
(acronym:
anterior cingulate responds to serotonin- Anterior designers are CINGLEate
(single) and love SEXetonin….when
they get stressed they stop having SEXetonin (stop responding to serotonin)
what are 3 strategies to cop with stress?
1) Perceived control
“king of your own castle”
2)optimism
3)social support
refers to the coping responses of minority groups in an attempt to fit in
Low-effort syndrom or low effort coping
-minorities put in less effort because they believe they are being discriminated against
