Elimination Flashcards
Multiple episodes of urination with little urine produced in a short period of time
Frequency
Beginning of urine formation. Blood enters kidneys through the renal artery, which then branches into progressively smaller arteries, arteriosclerosis, and finally to a cluster or capillaries known as the glomerulus. The glomerulus filters blood into the Bowman capsule
Glomerular filtration
Second process of urine formation. A network of capillaries surrounding the renal tubules reabsorb most of the water, electrolytes, and other necessary elements back into the blood as the filtrate passes through the renal tubules
Tubular reabsorption
Third process of urine formation. Involves a secondary process for small amounts of select substances to be moved from the blood in the capillaries surrounding the tubules into the tubules
Tubular secretion
One of the most common of all laboratory tests. It is useful for screening a number of conditions not associated with a problem in elimination and is obtained with either a sterile urine specimen or a clean-catch specimen
Urinalysis
Laboratory tests assessing renal function; include blood urea nitrogen, blood creatine, and creatine clearance tests
Renal function tests
A common laboratory test. For a UTI, this test determines the presence and type of organism causing the UTI. For a parasitic infection, this test is obtained in stool.
Culture
Laboratory test to inspect blood in stool
Occult blood
Presence of bacteria in the urine
Bacteruria
Presence of bacteria in the blood
Bacteremia
Urinary tract infection associated with prolonged use of a urinary catheter
Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)
Inflamed or infected bladder
Cystitis
Painful urination resulting from bacterial infection of the bladder and obstructive conditions of the urethra
Dysuria
Urination; act of passing or expelling urine voluntarily through the urethra
Micturition
Inflammation or infection of the renal pelvis
Pyelonephritis
