ECG Flashcards
where should V1 be placed
right sternal edge, 4th intercostal space
V2
left sternal edge, 4th intercostal space
V3
halfway between V2 and V4
V4
apex beat 5th intercostal space, mid clavicular line
V5
anterior axillary line - in line with V4
V6
mid axillary line - in line with V4 and 5
WPW
broad QRS with slurred upstroke on R wave (delta wave)
hyperkalaemia
tall tented T waves and prominent U waves wide QRS
hypokalaemia
flattened T waves, prominent U waves
LA hypertrophy
bifid P wave
RA hypertrophy
prominent P wave
HR
300/no large squares between each R-R interval or between beats
what is the time interval of one small square and one large square
one small = 0.04mm
large = 0.2mm
irregular HR
no QRS in 30 large squares x 10
II, III and aVF
inferior R coronary
V2-V4
anterior LAD
V1-V4
anteroseptal LAD
anterolateral
LAD
1, aVL, V2-6
ST and T wave changes but not q waves
subendocardial infarct - NSTEMI
reciprocal changes in V1 and V2
posterior L circumflex and R coronary
normal P wave duration
0.08-0.1 seconds
what does the PR interval represent
AV nodal delay
0.12-0.2 sec
atrial flutter
sawtooth baseline due to high frequency atrial impulses (F waves)
regular rhythm
atrial fibrillation
no visible atrial waves
irregularly irregular QRS pattern
LA hypertrophy
hyperkalaemia
hypokalaemia
torsade de pointes
treat with Mg sulphate
ventricular tachy
SV tachy
causes of ST depression
subendocardial infarct - non full thickness myocaridal ischaemia (NSTEMI)
draw the limb leads
Lead 1: RA to LA
Lead 2: RA to LL
Lead 3: LA to LL
QRS complex duration
<0.1 second
inferior
II, III, AvF
anterior
V2-6
anterolateral
V4-6, I, AvL
anteroseptal
V2-4
