Anatomy 2 revision Flashcards
transverse thoracic plane
between sternal angle and T4/5 intervertebral disc
separates the superior and inferior mediastinum
thoracic inlet boundaries
ribs 1, T1 vertebra and jugular notch
thymus
gland/lymphoid organ that produces T lymphocytes in childhood, replaced by adipose tissue after adolescence
where do the anterior and posterior intercostal arteries branch from
Anterior intercostal arteries – branch from internal thoracic artery.
Posterior intercostal arteries – branch from the thoracic aorta.
where do the anterior and posterior intercostal veins drain to
Anterior intercostal veins – drain into internal thoracic veins.
Posterior intercostal veins – drain into azygous vein, which drains into the posterior aspect of SVC near the renal vein level
where is the thoracic duct found
between the azygous vein and the oesophagus
openings in the diaphragm
I8 10EGGS AT12
I 8= inferior vena cava pierce at T8
10 Eggs= Esophagus pierces at T10 , and vagus nerves
At 12 = Aorta pierces at T12
first branch of aorta
coronary arteries
where can lymph from the left inferior lobe drain to
right lymphatic duct
cisterna chyli
swollen start of thoracic duct in the abdomen
the thoracic duct then drains lymph to the left venous angle
where to the phrenic and vagus nerves lie in relation to the pericardium
phrenic on top
vagus posteriorly
phrenic, vagus and recurrnet laryngeal nerve order in mediastinum
lateral to medial: PVR
define central vein
those large veins close enough to the heart that the pressure in them reflects right atrial pressure eg IJV
referred pain via phrenic nerve
innervates the diaphragm (C345) and C3 and 4 (supraclavicular nerves) supply the shoulder tip
the brain refers the pain to the more superficial structure, eg shoulder tip
