Dyslipidemia Drugs: Fibrates and Niacin

Question 1

Triglycerides in VLDLs are hydrolyzed by

Answer 1

LPL

Question 2

Triglycerides in VLDLs are hydrolyzed by LPL releasing

Answer 2

free fatty acids

Question 3

Free fatty acids can be used for

Answer 3

energy by heart and skeletal muscle

Question 4

Free fatty acids can be converted back into

Answer 4

triglycerides and stored in adipose tissue

Question 5

Fibrates are

Answer 5

1. Gemfibrozil

2. Fenofibrate

Question 6

Fibrates activate

Answer 6

PPAR-alpha

Question 7

Fibrates activate PPAR-alpha to

Answer 7

upregulate LPL

Question 8

Fibrates decrease

Answer 8

1. Serum triglycerides
2. Serum VLDL
3. Serum LDL

Question 9

Fibrates decrease serum VLDL

Answer 9

35-50% by stimulating LPL and reduced hepatic VLDL secretion

Question 10

Fibrates decrease serum triglycerides

Answer 10

increase hydrolysis of VLDL and chylomicron triglycerides via LPL

Question 11

Fibrates decrease serum LDL by

Answer 11

reducing VLDL

Question 12

Fibrates have a mild effect on ______

Answer 12

1. LDL

2. HDL

Question 13

Fibrates increase serum

Answer 13

HDL

Question 14

Fibrates combined with statins increases risk of

Answer 14

myopathy

Question 15

Fibrates side effects

Answer 15

Cholesterol Gall Stones

Question 16

Niacin is also known as

Answer 16

Vitamin B3

Question 17

Niacin is the most effective drug for

Answer 17

increasing serum HDL (~30%)

Question 18

What is the most effective drug for increasing serum HDL

Answer 18

niacin

Question 19

Niacin decreases serum

Answer 19

1. Triglycerides
2. VLDL
3. LDL

Question 20

Niacin decreases serum triglycerides

Answer 20

reduces hepatic VLDL secretion

Question 21

Niacin decreases serum VLDL

Answer 21

reduces hepatic VLDL secretion

Question 22

Niacin decreases serum LDL by

Answer 22

lowering VLDL

Question 23

Niacin has a mild effect on

Answer 23

LDL

Question 24

Niacin side effects

Answer 24

1. Cutaneous flushing and warmth
2. Hyperglycemia
3. Hyperuricemia and precipitate gout
4. elevated liver function tests (LFTs) leading to severe hepatotoxicity (requires monitoring)

Question 25

Why does Niacin cause flushing

Answer 25

Prostaglandins

Question 26

_______ can be used to prevent flushing from niacin

Answer 26

NSAIDs (including aspirin)

Question 27

Fish oils are

Answer 27

omega-3-fatty acids

Question 28

Fish oil can

Answer 28

lower serum triglycerides (by decreasing VLDL and apoB production)