Anticoagulants & Thrombolytics: Antiplatelet Agents

Question 1

Damaged vascular epithelium exposes

Answer 1

collagen and von Willebrand factor

Question 2

Binding of von Willebrand factor to GP1b receptors activates

Answer 2

platelets

Question 3

Activated platelet degranulation releases

Answer 3

1. ADP
2. 5-HT
3. TXA2

Question 4

Platelet degranulation releases ADP, 5-HT, and TXA2, stimulating

Answer 4

platelet aggregation

Question 5

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) binds to

Answer 5

the P2-Y12 receptor on platelets causing aggregation

Question 6

Platelet degranulation releases serotonin, causing

Answer 6

platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction

Question 7

Platelet degranulation releases TXA2, causing

Answer 7

platelet aggregation and activation as well as vasoconstriction

Question 8

COX-1 synthesizes

Answer 8

prostanoids (e.g.prostaglandins, TXA2) within platelets

Question 9

COX-2 expression is induced by

Answer 9

inflammation

Question 10

COX-1 synthesizes TXA2 from

Answer 10

the precursor molecule arachidonic acid (AA)

Question 11

Aspirin

Answer 11

1. irreversibly acetylates COX-1 and COX2

2. irreversibly inhibits COX-1 and COX-2

Question 12

Thienopyridines suffix

Answer 12

“-grel”

Question 13

Thienopyridines are

Answer 13

ADP receptor inhibitors

Question 14

Thienopyridines include

Answer 14

1. Clopidogrel
2. Trcagrelor
3. Prasugrel

Question 15

Thienopyridines

Answer 15

irreversibly bind to the P2Y12 ADP receptor preventing platelet aggregation

Question 16

Aspirin pseudo allergy is due to

Answer 16

excess leukotriene synthesis (use clopidogrel instead)

Question 17

Antiplatelet agents

Answer 17

reduce cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease

Question 18

Antiplatelet agents include

Answer 18

1. aspirin
2. ADP receptor inhibitors
3. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors

Question 19

Use antiplatelet therapy (e.g. aspirin, ADP receptor inhibitors) in the setting of

Answer 19

MI and other acute coronary syndromes

Question 20

Give chewable aspirin in setting of

Answer 20

acute MI

Question 21

Dual antiplatelet therapy (i.e. aspirin and ADP receptor inhibitors) prevents

Answer 21

coronary stent thrombosis

Question 22

Antiplatelet therapy (i.e. aspirin and ADP receptor inhibitors) prevents

Answer 22

ischemic stroke in patients with atherosclerosis and known cerebrovascular disease

Question 23

Ticlopidine is an

Answer 23

ADP receptor inhibitor

Question 24

Ticlopidine can cause

Answer 24

granulocytopenia

Question 25

Platelet surface receptor GP IIb/IIIa binds

Answer 25

fibrinogen

Question 26

platelet surface receptor GP IIb/IIIa binds fibrinogen to promote

Answer 26

platelet aggregation

Question 27

Abciximab function

Answer 27

Abciximab blocks the GP IIb/IIIa receptor preventing platelet aggregation

Question 28

Abciximab is a

Answer 28

monoclonal IgG antibody

Question 29

Eptifibatide and Tirofiban block

Answer 29

the GP IIb/IIIa receptor to prevent platelet aggregation

Question 30

GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors can cause

Answer 30

thrombocytopneia

Question 31

Antiplatelet therapy increases

Answer 31

bleeding time (measure of platelet function)

Question 32

GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors include

Answer 32

1. abciximab 2. eptifibatide 3. tirofiban

Question 33

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors include

Answer 33

1. Dipyridamole | 2. Cilostazol

Question 34

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors increase

Answer 34

cAMP

Question 35

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors increase cAMP impairing

Answer 35

platelet function

Question 36

Dipyridamole is an

Answer 36

antiplatelet phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Question 37

Cilostazol is an

Answer 37

antiplatelet phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Question 38

Cilostazol causes

Answer 38

arterial vasodilation

Question 39

Cilostazol treats symptoms of

Answer 39

claudication due to peripheral artery disease

Question 40

Dipyridamole can cause

Answer 40

coronary steal

Question 41

Cilostazol and dipyridamole can cause

Answer 41

coronary artery vasodilation