Bacteria: Spirochetes Flashcards
List the 3 spirochetes
- Borrielia Birgdorferi
- Leptospria Interrogans
- Treponema Pallidum
Borrelia Burgdorferi
spirochete
Lyme disease commonly occurs in the
northeastern US
Lyme disease is transmitted by the
Ixodes tick
The _______ _________ _______ is the host of the Ixodes tick larvae (the vector of Borrelia Burgdorferi bacteria)
white footed mouse
The ______ ______ ______ is the obligatory host of adult Ixodes ticks (the vector of Borrelia Burgdorferi bacteria)
white-tailed deer
Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria can be visualized using a
Wright or Wright-Giemsa stain
A hallmark of early localized Lyme disease (stage 1) is
erythema chorincum migrans (or a “bull’s-eye” rash)
early localized Lyme disease (stage 1) may present with
flu like symptoms such as fever and chills
Early disseminated Lyme disease (stage 2) may result in
- heart block caused by myocarditis
2. bilateral Bell’s Palsy
Late disseminated Lyme Disease (stage 3) may result in
- large joint migratory polyarthritis
2. encephalopathy
_________ should be administered during early stages of Lyme disease
Doxycycline
_____ should be administered during late stages or in severe cases of Lyme disease
ceftriaxone
Leptospira interrogans
spirochete
Leptospira interrogans spirochetes have a
question mark appearance on microscopy
Leptospira interrogans can be found in
water contaminated with infected animal urine
Leptospirosis commonly presents with
fever
non-suppurative conjunctivitis is a common finding in
early leptospirosis
Weil’s disease
severe form of leptospirosis involving renal and hepatic failure
leptospirosis can involve
multiple organs by hematogenous spread
leptospirosis/Weil’s disease can cause
- acute kidney injury
- liver dysfunction
- jaundice
Treponema pallidum
spirochete
Treponema pallidum is a
spirochetal bacteria that appears spiral-shaped on microscopy
What is needed for direct visualization of Treponema pallidum
dark-field microscopy is needed for direct visualization of Treponema pallidum bacteria