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pharmacology > drugs for schizophrenia and degenerative diseases of the CNS > Flashcards

drugs for schizophrenia and degenerative diseases of the CNS Flashcards

1
Q

what is both an excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter

A

dopamine

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2
Q

what is the precursor of NE

A

dopamine

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3
Q

mesolimbic tract

A

VTA back of brain to limbic system

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4
Q

back of brain to limbic system

A

this is the mesolimbic tract

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5
Q

mesocortical tract

A

back of the brain to the prefrontal cortex

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6
Q

back of the brain to the prefrontal cortex

A

mesocrotical tract

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7
Q

what tract causes negative symptoms like schizophrenia

A

the mesocortical tract

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8
Q

the mesocortical tract is linked to what neurological disorder

A

schizophrenia

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9
Q

d1 like dopamine receptors are associated with what

A

protien associated

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10
Q

d1, d5-gs are what

A

protien associated dopamine receptors

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11
Q

d2 receptors

A

d2, d3, d4, gi

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12
Q

what are d1 and d2 like dopamine receptors involved in

A

involved in motor control, reward and motivation

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13
Q

what is increased dopamergic activity associated with?

A

psychosis

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14
Q

psychosis is associated with what

A

increased dopaminergic activity

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15
Q

what is a decrease in dopaminergic activity associated with

A

parkinsons, neurodegenerative diseases

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16
Q

what are neurodegenerative diseases like parkinsons associted with?

A

decrease in dopaminergic activity

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17
Q

positive symptoms of schizophrenia (4)

A

delusions
disorganize behaviour
agitiation
disorganized speech and thinking

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18
Q

negative symptoms of schizophrenia

A

anhedonia, lack of motivation, blunted affect

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19
Q

what drugs can induce psychotic symptoms

A

dopamine agonists because an increase in dopaminergic activity is associated with psychosis

20
Q

dopamine antagonists have what kind of activity

A

anti-psychotic activity

21
Q

neuroleptic drugs are what king of drugs, what kind of dopamine antagonists

A

antipsychotic drugs, all dopamine d2 antagonists

22
Q

typical and atypical neuroleptics

A

work to bind to the dopamine receptor, causing and reducing positive symtpoms, antienemic as well

23
Q

work to bind to the dopamine receptor, causing and reducing positive symptoms, antienemic as well

A

typical and atypical

24
Q

atypical neuroleptics bidn to what and reduce what symptoms of schizophrenia

A

bind to the 5ht receptor, reducing negative symptoms

25
Q

what bind to the 5ht receptor reducing negative symptoms

A

atypical neuroleptics

26
Q

what is considered the first line therapy for schizophrenia

A

atypical antipsychotic drugs

27
Q

what causes a blockade of d2-like receptors reducing hallucinations and delusions (positive symptoms)

A

atypical antipsychotics

28
Q

what causes a blockade of serotoninergic 5ht2a and a2 adrenergic receptors and stimulation of 5ht1a receptors relieving negative symptoms

A

atypical antipsychotics

29
Q

what are some adverse effects of atypical antipsychotics

A

fewer eps symptoms

30
Q

adverse effects of typical antipsychotics

A

extrapyramidal effects - acute dystonica, pseudo-parkinsonism, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia

31
Q

extrapyramidal effects - acute dystonica, pseudo-parkinsonism, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia are adverse effects of what

A

typical antipsychotic drugs

32
Q

what should clients avoid when taking typical or atypical antipsychotics

A

CNS depressants such as alcohol, antihistamines, sedative hypnotics, or opiod analgesics

33
Q

CNS depressants such as alcohol, antihistamines, sedative hypnotics, or opiod analgesics - should all be avoided when

A

when someone is prescribed atypical or typical antipsychotics

34
Q

parkinsons disease

A

neurodegenerative disorder affecting individuals >50

35
Q

what is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatial pathway

A

parkinsons

36
Q

what can improve symptoms of parkinsons

A

dopamine agonists, and acetylcholine antagonists

37
Q

dopamine agonists and acetylcholine antagonists can improve symptoms of what

A

parkinsons

38
Q

dopaminergic drugs

A

dopamine agonists

39
Q

how do muscarinic cholinergic antagonists help parkinsons symptoms

A

they bind to acetylcholine - which regulates movement, to stop symptoms such as tremors

40
Q

what do dopamine agonists bind to

A

MAOIs and COMT inhibitors

41
Q

what do anticholinergic drugs bind to

A

muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the CNS

42
Q

what is the most effective treatment for parkinsons

A

dopamine agonists

43
Q

dementia

A

neurodegenerative disorder - progressive memory loss, confusion, inability to think or communicate effectively

44
Q

neurodegenerative disorder - progressive memory loss, confusion, inability to think or communicate effectively

A

dementia

45
Q

alzheimers

A

progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting individuals >65

46
Q

impaired memory, confusion, inability to recognize family and friends, aggressive behaviour, depression, psychosis, anziety

A

symptoms of alzhimers

47
Q

acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A

improve daily activities, behaviour and cognition since they work to increase the acetylcholine which plays a big role in alzheimers

pharmacology (26 decks)

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