Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

pharmacology > drugs for coagulation disorders > Flashcards

drugs for coagulation disorders Flashcards

1
Q

what is hemostasis

A

this is the injury to small vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

¡ Platelets bind with high affinity to the damaged vessel. Activated platelets release adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thromboxane A2 which stimulate the activation of new platelets, platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction.

A

hemostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how do we fix broken small blood vessels

A

¡ Platelets bind with high affinity to the damaged vessel. Activated platelets release adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thromboxane A2 which stimulate the activation of new platelets, platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

when is the extrinsic pathway activated - what is released from the damaged cells

A

when outside of the blood vessel, triggered when tissue thromboplastin is released from damaged cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is release when the outside of a blood vessel is damaged

A

tissue thromboplastin is released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what pathway catalyzes the formation of factor Xa

A

extrinsic pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

when is the intrinsic pathway triggered

A

it is triggered when collagen is exposed at the site of vascular injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the common pathway do

A

synthesis of factor xa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how is clot dissolved

A

tissue plasminogen activator converts plasminogen to plasmin, dissolving the clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the dissolving of a clot called

A

firbinolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what works to destroy a clot

A

plasmin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what converts plasminogen to plasmin

A

tissue plasminogen factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

thromboembolic disorders (3)

A

formation of non-therapeutic clots
occulsion of srterial vessels
embolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what leads to MI and CVA

A

occulsion of arterial vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

embolus occurs when

A

a piece of stable thrombi breaks off and lodges in smaller blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

anticoagulant drugs wokr to modulate what and the formation of what

A

modulate coagulation cascade and thrombin formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what work to lengthen clotting times and prevent thrombi from forming in the veins

A

anticoagulant drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

should you give anticoagulant drugs in cases of MI or CVA

A

yes, through iv or subcutaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

heparin catalyzes what

A

catalyzes the inactivation of thrombin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what enhances the ability of antithrombin III to inactivate thrombin and clotting factor Xa

A

heparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

when thrombin is inactivated what happens

A

no fibrin = no clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is heparin used for the prevention of what

A

used for the prevention of venous throbosis, PE, DIC, MI and stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what should you monitor when having a patient on heparine

A

for bleeding

24
Q

low molecular weight heparins focus more on what

A

same as heparin, more focus on factor Xa

25
Q

what is the drug class of choice for prevention of DVT

A

low molecular weight heparins

26
Q

warfarin - blocks the synthesis of what clotting factors

A

block the synthesis of clotting factors thrombin, VIIa, IXa, Xa

27
Q

what does warfarin inhibit

A

epoxide reductase

28
Q

what does decreased vitamin K inhibit

A

inhibits the production of active coagulation factors

29
Q

when transitioning from heparin to warfarin therpay, why must drugs be co administered for three days

A

because of the increased risk for bleeding and the anticoagulant affect lasts 4-5daus

30
Q

what should patients avoid when on warfarin

A

vitamin k rich foods

31
Q

why must patients avoid vitamin k foods when on heparin

A

because it reduced the effectiveness of the drug

32
Q

direct acting thrombin inhibitors

A

directly binds to and inhibits thrombin

33
Q

what is approved to reduce the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in clients with atrial fibrillation, DVT and PE

A

direct acting thrombin inhibitors

34
Q

direct acting factor Xa inhibitors inhibit what pathways, and reduce the development of

A

inhibits the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of the coagulation cascade - reducing thrombin formation and development of thrombi

35
Q

inhibits the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of the coagulation cascade - reducing thrombin formation and development of thrombi

A

direct acting factor Xa inhibitors

36
Q

what are used for the prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis

A

direct acting factor Xa inhibtiors

37
Q

what reduces the risk of pulmonary emboli in pt undergoing knee or hip surgery

A

direct acting factor Xa

38
Q

what are more predicatble and require less monitoring, warfarin or direct acting thrombin and factor xa inhibitors

A

direct acting thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors

39
Q

what is contraindictaed in pregnacy and in lactation

A

warfarin

40
Q

common adverse effects of anticoagulant drugs

A

bleeding

41
Q

antiplatelet drugs

A

inhibit platelet aggregation

42
Q

irreversible cycooxygenase inhibitors - aspirin - inhibits the activity and synthesis of what

A

block the activity of COX1 and COX2, inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins - no prostaglandins means no thrombin

43
Q

adenosine diphosphate receptor antagonists

A

irreversibly change the molecular conformation of ADP receptors, so the platelets no longer release the chemical signal, so they cannot form a clot

44
Q

irreversibly change the molecular conformation of ADP receptors, so the platelets no longer release the chemical signal, so they cannot form a clot

A

ADP receptor antagonists

45
Q

glycoprotien IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists- prevent what?

A

prevents platelet aggregation and thrombus formation, the glycoprotien IIb/iiia are involved in platelet aggregation

46
Q

glycoprotien IIb/IIIa antagonists are reserved for people with waht

A

stroke or MI

47
Q

thrombolytic drugs promote what

A

promote firbinolysis by converting plasminogen into plasmin

48
Q

when are thrombolytic drugs contraindicated

A

with any trauma and bleeding disorders

49
Q

what should you monitor for with thrombolytic drugs

A

cerebral hemorrhage

50
Q

how can the effects be reversed for thrombolytic drugs

A

aminocapronic acid

51
Q

what is aminocapronic acid

A

this is an enzyme inhibtior that inactivates plasmin

52
Q

antifibrinolytic drugs

A

used to facilitate blood clotting and shorten bleeding time

53
Q

what prevents the dissolution of fibrin

A

antifibrinolytic drugs

54
Q

when are antifibrinolytic drugs used

A

post surgery to reduce bleeding at surgical sites

55
Q

what should you assess for when giving antifibrinolytic drugs

A

assess for excessve clotting

pharmacology (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions