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pharmacology > drugs for pulmoneary disorders - asthma > Flashcards

drugs for pulmoneary disorders - asthma Flashcards

1
Q

how do our lungs brichodialte

A

sympathetic input to the lungs, the beta-2 adrenergic receptrors are stimulated relaxing the bronchioles, increasing the dialation

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2
Q

what are the causes of asthama

A

air pollutants, allergien, chemicals, food, respiratory infections, stress

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3
Q

air pollutants, allergens, chemicals , food, respiratory infections are all causes of what

A

asthma

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4
Q

what can trigger asthma attacks

A

aspirin, ibuprofen

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5
Q

what are the two main therapeutic strategies for asthma

A

they have relievers and controllers

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6
Q

what is a reliever

A

this is a medication that terminate the attack

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7
Q

what medications are relievers

A

beta adrenergic agonists and muscarinic antagonist

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8
Q

what are controllers

A

these are medications that prevent the attack

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9
Q

what medications are considered controllers

A

glucocorticoids, long acting beta adrenergic agonists, leukotriene antagonists and lipooxygenase inhibtiors

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10
Q

what are the chemical mediators of asthma

A

histamine and leukotrienes

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11
Q

where does histamine come from

A

mast cells

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12
Q

what forms ige antibodies

A

histamine

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13
Q

what is a short acting beta adregenrgic agonist good for

A

it is good for relieving the effects

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14
Q

what is a long acting beta2-adrenergic agoist good for

A

controlling the attack, making sure a new one doesnt come

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15
Q

adverse effects of beta2 adrenergic agonists

A

tremor and atchycardia

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16
Q

what do muscarinic antagonists do

A

they block the muscarinic receptors in the smooth muscle of the bricnhi

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17
Q

what work to block the muscarinic receptors in the smooth muscle and bronchi

A

muscarinic antagonists

18
Q

when are muscarinic antagonists most commonly used

A

in pt that smoke weed and have copd

19
Q

what can musacarinic antagonists be combined with

A

SABA

20
Q

glucocorticoids and asthma

A

they inhibit the syntehsis of COX -2 directly inhibiting the transcription factor

21
Q

what inhibit COX2 and the trsnsciption factor

A

glucocorticoids

22
Q

what is not n effective therapy for people with asthma attacks

A

glucocorticoids

23
Q

what are some adverse effects for high dose gluccocorticoides

A

adrenal insufficiency

24
Q

what are some adverse effects of low dose glucocorticoids

A

throat irritation, orAL candidiasis

25
Q

is glucocorticoids a contorller or reliver

A

controller

26
Q

are leukotriene receptor antagonists a controller or reliever

A

controller

27
Q

how do leukotriene receptor antagonists work

A

they competitively bind to leukotriene receptors in bronchiolar smooth muscle inudcing bronchiodilatory and immunomodulatory effects

28
Q

what competively bind to leukotrienes causing bronchidialtory and immunomodulatory effects

A

leukotriene receptor antagonists

29
Q

what are some adverse effects of leukotriene receptor antagonists

A

nausea and headache

30
Q

what can be added onto treatment if glucocorticoids are not working

A

leukotriene receptor antagonists

31
Q

what can only be used when someone is exposed predictably to a known allergen

A

mast cell stablizers

32
Q

mast cell stablizers

A

are used when there is predictable exposure to the allegeren

33
Q

going to your firends house where they have a dog that you are allergic to would be a good reason to administer what

A

mast cell stablizers

34
Q

lipoxygenase inhibitors

A

inhibit the formation of all leukotrienes

35
Q

what are lipooxyegnase inhibtiors used for

A

used for the prevention of asthma attacks, contraindictaed in clients with liver disease

36
Q

when is lipooxygenase inhibitors contraindicated

A

in pt with liver diease

37
Q

methylxanthines

A

inhibit phosphodiesterase which degardes cAMP

38
Q

what does the degradtuin if cAMP cause

A

causes calcium to be depressed, when there os no calcium, stops muscle contracyion

39
Q

iGe antibodies

A

used or allergic forms of asthma

40
Q

what reduces the production of IgE, down regulates iGe receptors, and significant mast cell stablizing effects

A

IgE anitbodies

41
Q

adverse effects IgE antibodies

A

pain, dizzness, fatigue, skin rask, anphylaxis

pharmacology (26 decks)

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