drugs for pulmoneary disorders - asthma Flashcards
how do our lungs brichodialte
sympathetic input to the lungs, the beta-2 adrenergic receptrors are stimulated relaxing the bronchioles, increasing the dialation
what are the causes of asthama
air pollutants, allergien, chemicals, food, respiratory infections, stress
air pollutants, allergens, chemicals , food, respiratory infections are all causes of what
asthma
what can trigger asthma attacks
aspirin, ibuprofen
what are the two main therapeutic strategies for asthma
they have relievers and controllers
what is a reliever
this is a medication that terminate the attack
what medications are relievers
beta adrenergic agonists and muscarinic antagonist
what are controllers
these are medications that prevent the attack
what medications are considered controllers
glucocorticoids, long acting beta adrenergic agonists, leukotriene antagonists and lipooxygenase inhibtiors
what are the chemical mediators of asthma
histamine and leukotrienes
where does histamine come from
mast cells
what forms ige antibodies
histamine
what is a short acting beta adregenrgic agonist good for
it is good for relieving the effects
what is a long acting beta2-adrenergic agoist good for
controlling the attack, making sure a new one doesnt come
adverse effects of beta2 adrenergic agonists
tremor and atchycardia
what do muscarinic antagonists do
they block the muscarinic receptors in the smooth muscle of the bricnhi
what work to block the muscarinic receptors in the smooth muscle and bronchi
muscarinic antagonists
when are muscarinic antagonists most commonly used
in pt that smoke weed and have copd
what can musacarinic antagonists be combined with
SABA
glucocorticoids and asthma
they inhibit the syntehsis of COX -2 directly inhibiting the transcription factor
what inhibit COX2 and the trsnsciption factor
glucocorticoids
what is not n effective therapy for people with asthma attacks
glucocorticoids
what are some adverse effects for high dose gluccocorticoides
adrenal insufficiency
what are some adverse effects of low dose glucocorticoids
throat irritation, orAL candidiasis
is glucocorticoids a contorller or reliver
controller
are leukotriene receptor antagonists a controller or reliever
controller
how do leukotriene receptor antagonists work
they competitively bind to leukotriene receptors in bronchiolar smooth muscle inudcing bronchiodilatory and immunomodulatory effects
what competively bind to leukotrienes causing bronchidialtory and immunomodulatory effects
leukotriene receptor antagonists
what are some adverse effects of leukotriene receptor antagonists
nausea and headache
what can be added onto treatment if glucocorticoids are not working
leukotriene receptor antagonists
what can only be used when someone is exposed predictably to a known allergen
mast cell stablizers
mast cell stablizers
are used when there is predictable exposure to the allegeren
going to your firends house where they have a dog that you are allergic to would be a good reason to administer what
mast cell stablizers
lipoxygenase inhibitors
inhibit the formation of all leukotrienes
what are lipooxyegnase inhibtiors used for
used for the prevention of asthma attacks, contraindictaed in clients with liver disease
when is lipooxygenase inhibitors contraindicated
in pt with liver diease
methylxanthines
inhibit phosphodiesterase which degardes cAMP
what does the degradtuin if cAMP cause
causes calcium to be depressed, when there os no calcium, stops muscle contracyion
iGe antibodies
used or allergic forms of asthma
what reduces the production of IgE, down regulates iGe receptors, and significant mast cell stablizing effects
IgE anitbodies
adverse effects IgE antibodies
pain, dizzness, fatigue, skin rask, anphylaxis
