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pharmacology > drugs for lipid disorders > Flashcards

drugs for lipid disorders Flashcards

1
Q

what lipid accounts for 90% of the lipids in the body

A

triglycerides

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2
Q

what lipids are essential for the formation of plasma membranes

A

phospholipids

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3
Q

what kind of fat is cholestoral

A

steroids

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4
Q

what is cholesterol an essential component for

A

it is the essential component of the plasma membrane

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5
Q

what is considered the building block for bile acids, vitamin d, cortisol, estrogen, and testosterone

A

cholesterol

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6
Q

what can synthesize cholestoral

A

liver

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7
Q

high density lipoprotien

A

bad

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8
Q

low density lipoprotien

A

good

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9
Q

ldl - do what

A

transport cholesterol from the liver to tissues

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10
Q

vldl is the priamry carrier for what and is coverted into what

A

this is the primary carrier of triglycerides, converted into LDL; reduced to LDL

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11
Q

what is the primary carrier of triglycerides and converted into LDL

A

vldl

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12
Q

hdl - does what

A

transports cholestoral from tissues back to the liver

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13
Q

what is capable of reverse cholesterol transport

A

VLDL

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14
Q

what occurs predominantly in men compared to non-menopausal women

A

dyslipidemia

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15
Q

what does dyslipidemia increase the risk foe

A

increases the risk for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease

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16
Q

what is dyslipidemia associated with

A

associated with genetic alterations in fat metabolism and excessive dietary intake

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17
Q

what is associated with genetic alterations in fat metabolism and excessive dietary intake

A

dyslipidemia

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18
Q

non-pharmacological treatment (4)

A

smoking cessation
moderate alcohol consumption
maintain weight and waist circumference
regular exercise

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19
Q

smoking cessation
moderate alcohol consumption
maintain weight and waist circumference
regular exercise are all non-pharmacological management strategies for

A

pipid disorders

20
Q

statins are what

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

21
Q

what is the first line therapy in treating lipid disorders

A

statins

22
Q

how do statins work

A

they inhibit activity of HMG CoA reductase, blocking cholesterol synthesis

23
Q

what increases the # of LDL receptors in the liver and stimulates the removal of LDL from the blood

A

statin

24
Q

what efficacy do statins have

A

high

25
Q

when would statins be contraindicated?

A

in women who are pregnant and women who may become

26
Q

do statins have drug drug interactions, or drug food interactions

A

drug food

27
Q

what drug food interactions do statins have

A

alcohol and grapefruit juice

28
Q

why should someone not drink alcohol or grape juice while taking statins

A

because they inhibit CYP 450 enzymes

29
Q

what does the inhibition of the cyp 450 enzymes increases the risk of what

A

risk of rhabdomyolysis

30
Q

what is the risk of rhabdomyolysis associated with

A

inhibition of cyp 450 enzymes

31
Q

when combined with oral contraceptives, what effect do statins have

A

 Statins potentiate the effects of warfarin and increase estrogen levels in women using combination oral contraceptives

32
Q

what increases the bioavailability of some statin drugs

A

proton pump inhibitors and h2ra

33
Q

selective cholesterole absorption inhibitors

A

inhibit intestinal cholestoral absorption

34
Q

what work to inhibit intestinal cholestoral absorption

A

selective cholesterol absorption inhibitors

35
Q

what is a common adverse effect of selective cholestoral inhibitors

A

gi distress

36
Q

when are selective cholestoral inhibitors co-adminsitered with statin therapy

A

when the client fails to reach their ldl levels

37
Q

what can selective cholestoral absorption inhibitors not be co-adminsitered with

A

bile acid resins

38
Q

why cant bile acid resins be co-administered with statin therapy

A

because they reduce the efficacy of the statin

39
Q

bile acid resins

A

interfere with the absorption of drugs

40
Q

if a patient has to take bile acid resins and is also taking medications that may cause drug-drug interactions, what would you advise them

A

to take other medications 1hr before or 4 hours after

41
Q

what may induce vitamin deficiency

A

bile acid resins

42
Q

what vitamin deficiency leads to increased bleeding times

A

vitamin k

43
Q

PCSK9 inhibitors

A

work to label ldl molecules for destruction

44
Q

how do PCSK9 inhibitors work

A

they inhibit pcsk9 protiens that target liver LDL receptors for degardion

45
Q

what is no longer recommended for patients with lopid disorders

A

niacin

46
Q

what has poor efficacy rt risk of major vascular events

A

niacin

47
Q

what has an unacceptable toxicity profile for most patients

A

niacin

pharmacology (26 decks)

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