drugs for lipid disorders Flashcards
what lipid accounts for 90% of the lipids in the body
triglycerides
what lipids are essential for the formation of plasma membranes
phospholipids
what kind of fat is cholestoral
steroids
what is cholesterol an essential component for
it is the essential component of the plasma membrane
what is considered the building block for bile acids, vitamin d, cortisol, estrogen, and testosterone
cholesterol
what can synthesize cholestoral
liver
high density lipoprotien
bad
low density lipoprotien
good
ldl - do what
transport cholesterol from the liver to tissues
vldl is the priamry carrier for what and is coverted into what
this is the primary carrier of triglycerides, converted into LDL; reduced to LDL
what is the primary carrier of triglycerides and converted into LDL
vldl
hdl - does what
transports cholestoral from tissues back to the liver
what is capable of reverse cholesterol transport
VLDL
what occurs predominantly in men compared to non-menopausal women
dyslipidemia
what does dyslipidemia increase the risk foe
increases the risk for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease
what is dyslipidemia associated with
associated with genetic alterations in fat metabolism and excessive dietary intake
what is associated with genetic alterations in fat metabolism and excessive dietary intake
dyslipidemia
non-pharmacological treatment (4)
smoking cessation
moderate alcohol consumption
maintain weight and waist circumference
regular exercise
smoking cessation
moderate alcohol consumption
maintain weight and waist circumference
regular exercise are all non-pharmacological management strategies for
pipid disorders
statins are what
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
what is the first line therapy in treating lipid disorders
statins
how do statins work
they inhibit activity of HMG CoA reductase, blocking cholesterol synthesis
what increases the # of LDL receptors in the liver and stimulates the removal of LDL from the blood
statin
what efficacy do statins have
high
when would statins be contraindicated?
in women who are pregnant and women who may become
do statins have drug drug interactions, or drug food interactions
drug food
what drug food interactions do statins have
alcohol and grapefruit juice
why should someone not drink alcohol or grape juice while taking statins
because they inhibit CYP 450 enzymes
what does the inhibition of the cyp 450 enzymes increases the risk of what
risk of rhabdomyolysis
what is the risk of rhabdomyolysis associated with
inhibition of cyp 450 enzymes
when combined with oral contraceptives, what effect do statins have
Statins potentiate the effects of warfarin and increase estrogen levels in women using combination oral contraceptives
what increases the bioavailability of some statin drugs
proton pump inhibitors and h2ra
selective cholesterole absorption inhibitors
inhibit intestinal cholestoral absorption
what work to inhibit intestinal cholestoral absorption
selective cholesterol absorption inhibitors
what is a common adverse effect of selective cholestoral inhibitors
gi distress
when are selective cholestoral inhibitors co-adminsitered with statin therapy
when the client fails to reach their ldl levels
what can selective cholestoral absorption inhibitors not be co-adminsitered with
bile acid resins
why cant bile acid resins be co-administered with statin therapy
because they reduce the efficacy of the statin
bile acid resins
interfere with the absorption of drugs
if a patient has to take bile acid resins and is also taking medications that may cause drug-drug interactions, what would you advise them
to take other medications 1hr before or 4 hours after
what may induce vitamin deficiency
bile acid resins
what vitamin deficiency leads to increased bleeding times
vitamin k
PCSK9 inhibitors
work to label ldl molecules for destruction
how do PCSK9 inhibitors work
they inhibit pcsk9 protiens that target liver LDL receptors for degardion
what is no longer recommended for patients with lopid disorders
niacin
what has poor efficacy rt risk of major vascular events
niacin
what has an unacceptable toxicity profile for most patients
niacin
