DNA: Structure And Replication

Question 1

Genome

Answer 1

The entire set of genetic info within an organism
Ex: E.coli 4 million letters
Humans 3 billion letters

Question 2

Chromosome

Answer 2

Structure made of dna that physically carries info
Ex: bacteria have 1
Humans have 23

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

Piece of dna that encodes for a product (typically protein)
Ex: E. Coli 4,000-5,000
Human 14,000-20,000

Question 4

From biggest to smallest

Gene genome chromosome

Answer 4

Genome
Chromosome
Gene

Question 5

Describe the central dogma of molecular biology

Answer 5

DNA >transcribed > rna >translated > protein

Question 6

Diagram the structure of the DNA double helix including the following

identify the general composition of the four nucleotides found in DNA

Sugar phosphate backbone

Nitrogenous base (A, T, G, or C)

Answer 6

Draw out on white board

Question 7

Explain the direction in which DNA is read and the chemical difference between the five prime and three prime sides of DNA

Answer 7

DNA as read from the left to the right five prime to three prime

five prime and has a sugar phosphate backbone the three prime and has the hydroxyl group and does dehydration synthesis

Question 8

Describe the hydrogen bonds between the for nucleotides of DNA

Answer 8

A - T = two pairs of hydrogen bonds easier to split better place to start

G-C = Three hydrogen bonds much harder to split

Question 9

Where are the base pairing rules for a DNA

Answer 9

A= T

G=C

Question 10

Explain how the way in which information is included in starting dinner allows it to be copied dang cellular division

Answer 10

The origin were DNA replication begins as the replication fork by the enzyme that helicase vertical genetic transfer horizontal Gene transfer.
Always starts on the three prime side
***

Question 11

Diagram the replication fork including the following 
Helicase
DNA gyrase 
DNA polymerase 
DNA ligase
Leading strand
Lagging strand
Okazaki fragments 
The directions Leading and lagging strand are synthesized

Answer 11

Helicase: Split apart double helix by breaking the GC and AT base pairs allowing access to information
DNA gyrase: Also known as topsomerase release the tension and super coil DNA ahead of the Heli case
DNA polymerase: Read the parents Jan and synthesizes new complementary DNA strand continuously along the leading strand and non-continuously on the lagging strand using dehydration synthesis moving from 3 Prime to 5 Prime
DNA ligase : that is not between Okazaki fragments and connects the fragments on the lagging strand

Draw on whiteboard