Chapter 1 Introduction And History Of Micro

Question 1

Define genus and species and how to correctly right scientific names of organisms using these.

Answer 1

Genus: related organism.

Species: more specific and refers to the shape or location

Genus is always capitalize
species is not capitalize.
Both genus and species italicize or underline. Once stated, abbreviated with initial of genus followed by species.

Example: Escherichia coli E.coli

Question 2

Name The seven major groups of micro organisms know which ones will be working with in the lab

Answer 2

**Bacteria, 
fungi, 
protozoa, 
animals, 
Archaea, 
algae, 
viruses

Question 3

Identify the three domains of life and explain why each domain is separate from the other

Answer 3

Bacteria: simplest form of life on earth single cell, no organelles, peptidoglycan on cell wall

Archaea: Single cell, cell wall lacks peptidoglycan, no organelles

Eukaryotic: Single or multicellular organisms, has organelles
*animals, dogs, plants, mushrooms

Question 4

Which scientist was the first to observe cells through a microscope? Who was the first to observe bacteria?

Answer 4

Robert Hooke, observed cells

Anton van Leeuwenhoek: bacteria

Question 5

Explain how Louis Pasteur disprove the idea of spontaneous generation of life

Answer 5

Using an S shaped flask to prevent the micro biome’s from entering in, boiled and allowed to cool. Let air enter but no bacterial growth. Proving disapproving spontaneous generation

Question 6

Which scientist applied pastors findings to begin using disinfectants to control the spread of disease during surgery?

Answer 6

Joseph Lister

Began the practice of using disinfectant during surgery specifically to stop transmission of the disease during childbirth

Question 7

Which scientist findings led to the general acceptance of the germ theory of disease

Answer 7

Robert Koch

Identification of microbes that cause disease

Question 8

Understand the procedure by which the causative agent of a microbial disease is identified kosh’s postulates

Answer 8

1. Isolate microbes from organism that died
2. Inject microbes into another cow living
3. Cow dies from disease
4. Isolate microbe from second cow
5. If microbe is the same it’s likely that the organism caused the disease

Question 9

Identify the creator of the worlds first vaccine. What disease was eradicated from the human population as a result of the success of his vaccine?

Answer 9

Edward Jenner: smallpox. A vaccine created from cowpox

Question 10

Explain chemotherapy and who developed the first chemo therapeutic agent

Answer 10

Chemotherapy is defined as a chemical secure disease.
Paul Ehrlich: Salvarsan (used to treat syphilis) First chemical agent used to kill a disease without killing the host and lead to the development of penicillin

Question 11

Know the source of the anabiotic penicillin and who discovered it

Answer 11

Alexander Fleming: produced penicillin by fungus