Digestive pt 2 Flashcards
define CHOLANGIOGRAPHY
examine bile ducts w/medium thru x-ray to show obstructions
define ENEMA
solution into rectum & colon to clear lower intestine
what can be used to treat severe constipation or prep for endoscopy/meds?
enema
define ESOPHAGOGASTRO-DUODENOSCOPY (EGD)
endoscopy viewing esophagus, stomach, duodenum, & upper GI
define UPPER & LOWER GI SERIES
radiographic studies w/contrast
define UPPER GI SERIES
barium swallow showing stomach & duodenum
define LOWER GI SERIES
barium enema showing large intestine & rectum
define BREATH TEST
diagnose certain intestinal disorders
define ENDOSCOPY
visual exam of internal structures via scope
define CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY
endoscope using tiny, wireless camera
define ANOSCOPY
visual exam of inner surface of large intestine
define SIGMOIDOSCOPY
endoscopic exam of interior rectum, sigmoid colon, & mab part of descending colon
define COLONOSCOPY
visual exam of inner surface of large intestine
define HEMOCCULT TEST
lab test looking for hidden blood in feces
hemoccult test is also called
fecal occult blood test
define ABDOMINAL ULTRASOUND
sound waves make pics to diagnose liver cysts, gallstones, tissue abscesses, & organ enlargement
define PROTOSCOPY
visual exam of rectum w/scope
define GASTROSCOPY
visual exam of stomach w/scope
define LAPAROSCOPY
examine any organ w/small scope thru ab wall
define FLUOROSCOPY
x-ray using fluoroscope for real-time moving images of body interior; can study swallow mechanism
define AMYLASE (test)
blood test detect elevated levels of enzyme common in pancreatic disorders
define LIVER PROFILE
blood test measure different enzymes involved in liver functions & waste products
define SEROLOGY
diagnose infection using known antigen/antibody to find common antigen/antibody reaction
define COLOSTOMY
artificial excretory opening between colon & body surface via surgery
define DENTAL PROPHYLAXIS
exam, cleaning, & polishing teth & gums
define FILLING
remove damaged area of tooth & filling it
define ORTHODONTICS
treatment of alignment & malocclusion of teeth & jaw
define DENTAL IMPLANT
anchor crown/bridge/denture to jawbone
define BRIDGE
fixed prothesis to join +1 fake teeth to real ones
define ROOT CANAL PROCEDURE
procedure removing damaged pulp in root canal & filling space
define GINGIVECTOMY
surgical removal of diseased gum tissue
purpose of MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
correct deformities, treat disease, repair injury
define PALATOPLASTY
surgical repair of cleft palate/lip
describe ANTIOXIDANTS
vitamins A, C, E; carotene; & lutein that block free radicals, preventing cell damage
define PROBIOTICS
living microorganisms
define ANTACIDS
neutralize stomach acids
define PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS
block enzyme in stomach wall making acids to treat symptoms of GERD
define ANTIEMETIC
drug to prevent/relieve nausea & vomiting
purpose of LAXATIVES
stimulate bowel movements
define ORAL REHYDRATION THERAPY
electrolyte solutions to counteract dehydration in young kids
define ENTERAL NUTRITION
eat via mouth/tube
define NASOGASTRIC INTUBATION
put temporary nasogastric (NG) tube
define GASTROSTOMY TUBE
feeding tube directly to stomach for long term use; G-tube
define PARENTAL NUTRITION
deliver via IV where can’t/shouldn’t get nutrition via digestion
define BARIATRIC SURGERY
all surgical treatments for severe obesity to limit food intake & food absorption
define GASTRIC BYPASS
irreversible & very common procedure to make stomach smaller
define LAP-BAND/ADJUSTABLE GASTRIC BANDING
inflatable band around exterior of stomach
define SLEEVE BARIATRIC SURGERY
reduce stomach by 75%
define COLECTOMY
surgical removal of all/part of colon
define DIVERTICULECTOMY
surgical removal of diverticulum
define GASTRODUODENOSTOMY
establishment of anastomosis between upper portion & duodenum to treat stomach cancer/remove poor pyloric valve
define ANASTOMOSIS
surgical connection between 2 hollow, tubular structures
define ILEECTOMY
surgical removal of ileum
define FECAL MICROBIOTA TRANSPLANTATION
restore gut bacteria
fecal microbiota transplatnation is also called
fecal transplant therapy
define CHOLECYSTECTOMY
removal of gallbladder to treat gallstones
define ACID BLOCKER
group of drugs to block stomach acid production
define BARIATRICS
medicine focusing on prevention & management of obesity & associated diseases
define PROCTOLOGIST
specialize in colon, rectum, & anus