Diabetes

Question 1

Victoza

Answer 1

Liraglutide (GLP-1)
pen needles not provided

Question 2

Saxenda

Answer 2

Liraglutide (GLP-1)
Weight loss specific

Question 3

Trulicity

Answer 3

Dulaglutide (GLP-1)

Question 4

Ozempic

Answer 4

Semaglutide (GLP-1)

Question 5

Wegovy

Answer 5

Semaglutide (GLP-1)
Weight loss specific

Question 6

Invokana

Answer 6

Canagliflozin (SGLT2)
inc risk of amputations
risk of hyper K with k-sparing agents

Question 7

Farxiga

Answer 7

Dapagliflozin (SGLT2)

Question 8

Jardiance

Answer 8

Empagliflozin (SGLT2)

Question 9

Glucophage, Fortamet, Glumetza

Answer 9

Metformin (Biguanide)

Question 10

Glucotrol

Answer 10

Glipizide (SU)

Question 11

Amaryl

Answer 11

Glimepiride (SU)
Beers

Question 12

Glynase

Answer 12

Glyburide (SU)
Beers

Question 13

Repaglinide

Answer 13

(Meglitinides)

Question 14

Nateglinide

Answer 14

(Meglitinides)

Question 15

Januvia, Zituvio

Answer 15

Sitagliptin (DPP-4)

Question 16

Tradjenta

Answer 16

Linagliptin (DPP-4)

Question 17

Actos

Answer 17

Pioglitazone (TZD)

Question 18

GLP-1 ra’s

Answer 18

BW: risk of thyroid-C cell carcinoma
Warning:
- pancreatitis
- not recommended in severe GI disease
- Ozempic & Mounjaro inc risk of diabetic retinopathy
ADE: nausea, weight loss
Notes:
- Cardioprotective
- low hypoglycemia risk
- do not use w/ DPP-4

Question 19

SGLT2i

Answer 19

CI: dialysis
Warnings:
- Ketoacidosis (DC before surgery)
- UTI
- Hypotension & AKI due to volume depletion
ADE:
- inc urination & thirst
- weight loss
Notes:
- low hypoglycemia risk (except with insulin)

Question 20

Biguanide

Answer 20

BW: inc lactic acidosis risk with renal impairment, contrast dye, & heavy alcohol use
CI:
- eGFR < 30
- acute metabolic acidosis (inc DKA)
Warnings:
- do not initiate if eGFR 30-45
- vit B12 deficiency
ADE:
- diarrhea, nausea
Notes:
- weight neutral
- no hypoglycemia

Question 21

Sulfonylureas

Answer 21

CI: sulfa allergy
Warnings: hypoglycemia
ADE: weight gain, nausea

Question 22

Meglitinides

Answer 22

CI: T1DM, DKA
Warnings:
- hypoglycemia
- caution w/ severe liver impairment
ADE: weight gain

Question 23

DPP-4 inhibitors

Answer 23

Warnings:
- pancreatitis
- joint pain
- renal failure
- risk of heart failure w/ saxagliptin & alogliptin
ADE: generally well tolerated, peripheral edema
Notes:
- weight neutral
- low hypoglycemia risk

Question 24

TZD

Answer 24

BW: can cause/exacerbate HF
Warnings:
- edema
- risk of fractures
- risk of bladder cancer
ADE:
- peripheral edema
- weight gain
Notes:
- low hypoglycemia risk

Question 25

BG targets

Answer 25

A1C: < 7%
pre-prandial: 80-130 (</95% if preg)
postprandial: <180 (< 120 if preg)

Question 26

Novolog, Fiasp

Answer 26

insulin aspart
rapid-acting

28 days at room temp

Question 27

Humalog, Admelog, Lyumjev

Answer 27

insulin lispro
rapid-acting

4w

Question 28

Afrezza

Answer 28

Inhaled insulin
Rapid-acting

Question 29

Humulin R, Novolin R

Answer 29

Regular insulin
short-acting

Rx & OTC

Humulin R: 4 weeks
Novolin R: 6 weeks

Question 30

Humulin N, Novolin N

Answer 30

NPH insulin
Intermediate acting

Cloudy
Rx & OTC

2 weeks

Question 31

Levemir

Answer 31

insulin detemir
long-acting

6 weeks

Question 32

Lantus, Toujeo, Basaglar

Answer 32

insulin glargine

Interchangeable biosimilars w/ Lantus: Rezvogar, Semglee

Lantus, Basaglar: 4w
Toujeo: 8w

Question 33

Tresiba

Answer 33

insulin degludec
Ultra-long-acting

8w

Question 34

Insulins which require dose conversion

Answer 34

NPH bid -> insulin glargine (Toujeo, Lantus, etc)

Toujeo -> other glargine products or insulin detemir

Question 35

Dose conversion:
NPH bid -> insulin glargine (Toujeo, Lantus, etc)

Answer 35

80% of NPH dose

Question 36

Dose conversion:
Toujeo -> other glargine products or insulin detemir

Answer 36

80% of Toujeo dose