Development Flashcards
By 4 years old, a child should not exhibit which phonological process?
velar fronting
Typically developing 6-7 years exhibit the following:
correct use of reflexive pronouns; can use passive voice; use irregular comparatives good, better, best more accurately
Typically developing 7-8 years exhibit the following:
mean length of utterance of 7 to 9 and uses predominantly complex and compound sentences
What are allomorphemes?
variations of morphemes that do not change the meaning of the morphemes, such as the plural marker in leaves (z) and cats (s)
What is overextension?
a child uses one word to label many different things (e.g., they label any four legged animal as a dog)
What is underextension?
a child does not use a given word for objects that fall in the same category (e.g., they see an oreo and a chips ahoy cookie and they only label an Oreo as a cookie)
What is fast mapping?
when a child quickly learns a new word upon being exposed to it a few times; it is also known as quick incidental learning
Which semantic category does the word “more” fall into?
recurrence
What does a typical child from birth to 3 months do?
cry to get help; quiets when held; looks and turns head toward voice and sound; startles when they hear sound; vocalizes vowels; smile reflexively
What does a typical child from 4 to 6 months do?
marginal babbling and put lips together to say /m/, responds to name, put their arm out when mom tells them to come here; vocal play; looks at family members when their name is called; vocalized pleasure and displeasure
What does a typical 7 to 9 mo old child do?
uses a wide range of sounds; use variegated babbling; imitate intonation and other sounds; understand gestures and “no”, look at common objects when they are labeled; object permanence begins
What is motherese or child directed speech?
speech that is slow, high pitch, consisting of short utterances that the child attend to and respond to
What does a typical 10 to 12 mo old child do?
start to connect symbol and object; object permanence; may say their first true word; understand 10 words; turn their head when you say their name; can follow simple directions especially when you gesture it to them
When do kids develop object permanence?
sensorimotor stage of cognitive development
At what age do typically developing children use compound and complex sentences?
3 to 4 years old
