Articulation/Phonology/Language Flashcards
How would one describe the language skills of a child with Down’s Syndrome?
They have language skills of a younger typically developing child
What is language extension?
when new information is added to a child’s utterance in a grammatically correct manner (e.g., a child says toy horse, and you reply, “We will play with the little, blue horse)
What is language expansion?
when a child’s utterance is expanded in a grammatically correct manner but no new information is added (e.g., A child says, “She cry?” and you reply, “Yes, she is crying!” A child says Birdie fly? and you reply, “Yes, the bird is flying!”)
What is a class I malocclusion?
normal bite but misalignment of teeth (e.g., overlapping or overcrowded teeth, rotated teeth, gaps between the teeth, open bite, and asymmetry)
What is a class 2 malocclusion?
upper molars too far forward from the lower molars (i.e., an overbite) This can stem from an underdeveloped jaw or an overly prominent upper jaw.
What is a class 3 malocclusion?
underbite (i.e., lower molars too far forward from the upper molars). This can stem from an overly prominent lower jaw.
Which phoneme can be characterized as a voiced, lingua-palatal glide that is + continuant + high?
/j/
What is a continuant?
a consonant that is produced as a result of breath passing through the throat.
How does someone articulate the /s/ sound
tip of your tongue just behind the front two teeth (i.e., the bumpy part). At this point, the sides of the tongue are raised to touch the roof of the mouth, which allows air to pass down the middle of the tongue
What is an example of an entity + Locative
Bird on desk
For the cycles approach, how many patterns are targeted?
only one pattern is targeted
When working with an unintelligible child, what is an appropriate way to obtain a spontaneous speech sample?
provide a situation or a topic in a structured environment
What is the difference between a functional disorder and an organic disorder?
a functional disorder is idiopathic (i.e., no observable cause), whereas an organic disorder is stems from damage to the PNS, CNS, oral mechanism or all of them)
When assessing a child for a speech sound disorder, it is important to do what?
gather a case history, do an oral mechanism exam, gather a speech sample, a hearing screening, assess for stimulability, and administer standardized tests
What phonological processes should be eliminated by the age of 3?
final consonant deletion, assimilation, reduplication, and affrication
What approaches are used to treat issues with producing certain speech sounds?
Van Riper’s traditional approach, sensorimotor approach, and the SATPAC approach
What linguistic approaches are used to treat highly unintelligible children?
establishing phonological rules using the contrast approach, the core vocabulary approach, and the phonological pattern approach
What is the difference between marked sounds and unmarked sounds?
unmarked sounds are easier to acquire whereas marked sounds are harder to acquire
What is the difference between the term phonemic and phonetic?
phonemic is the abstract system of sounds represented by slashes, whereas the phonetic is the concrete representation represented by brackets
When two vowels come together, they form ______
diphthongs, which are produced by a continuous change in the vocal tract shape.
What is the behavioral theory of speech sound acquisition?
child acquire adult like speech by interacting with their caregiver.
What is the natural phonology theory of speech sound acquisition?
theory that children naturally simply speech sounds by using phonological processes because of output contstraints (constraints on production that lead to the simplification of the adult model).
