CLD populations Flashcards
Which speech sound difference is not usually seen among Asian speakers of English as a second language?
substitution of t for k (i.e., t/k), such as “tight” for “kite”
For Asian speakers, which speech sound substitution would not be expected?
substituting f for th (i.e., f/th), such as “toof” for “tooth”.
For Asian speakers, which speech sound substitution would be expected?
substituting t for th (i.e., t/th), such as “mout” for “mouth”, since most Asian languages do not have “th”
For Spanish speakers, which speech sound substitution would you expect?
ch for sh (e.g., chut instead of shut)
For spanish speakers, how would they pronounce a word with a voiced final consonant?
They would devoice it
For spanish speakers, what might they do to /t,d, and n/?
They may dentalize it (i.e., place the tip of their tongue against the back of their incisors)
For spanish speakers, how many vowels are there?
5 vowels (“Ah”, e as in bet, ee as in feet, o, and u)
For AAE speakers, what are some speech characteristics?
omit /l/ and /r/; substitute th for f,v,b, or t; devoice or omit final consonant; reduce diphthong; metasthesis; substitute i/e and n/ng and b/v; reduce consonant clusters; might put stress on different syllables in a word
What speech sounds are not present in Spanish?
voiceless and voiced th; sh; and j as in judge
When they encountered the letter h at the beginning of a word, spanish speakers may
not say the h sound; so the h is silent
What the speech characteristics of Asian speakers?
no short vowel a sound; substitutions of p/f and b/v; may devoice cognates; may confuse l and r and ch and sh ; may omit /r/; may epethesize; no voiced or voiceless th so they may say tin instead of thin; may shorten multisyllabic words; may delete final consonants; may reduce vowel length, so it sounds choppy
For speakers of Asian languages, it is common for them to do what?
omit the copula form
What variables influence one’s behavior in mainstream American life?
educational level; gender; religion; SES; how much they have acculturated into mainstream U.S. culture; where they were born; languages they speak; generational membership; urban vs rural backgrounds; age; how long they have lived in an area
What are misconceptions about AAE?
Children who use AAE must stop using it; AAE is an unpredictable langauge; all african-americans speak AAE; only african americans speak AAE; using a standardized assessment with a AAE speaker is a fair way to assess speech and language skills; AAE is a substandard form of mainstream English
What are the common speech characteristics of Spanish-influenced English speakers?
Words only end in different sounds (a,e,i,o,u,l,r,n,d,s); no voiced or voiceless th; no j sound so they may say “y”, /t, d, n/ dentalized; add a schwa before consonant clusters; final consonant devoicing; b/v substitution; ch/sh
