Day07 Flashcards
exaggerate
v. 과장하다
= overstate
understate
[n. exaggeration]
: raise somebody in rank or position
exalt
v. 칭찬하다
= extol
[n. exaltation]
excoriate
v. 비난하다
= denounce, criticize
[n. excoriation]
execrate
v. 비난하다, 혐오하다
= abhor, denounce
[n. execration, a.execrable(비난할만한)]
excrete
v. (동물) 배설하다, 배출하다
[n. excretion]
: discharge from the blood, tissues, or organs
excruciating
a. 극심한 고통을 주는
[v. excruciate]
: extremely painful, physically or emotionally
cf) agonize(극심한 고통을 겪다, ~하려고 애쓰다)
exculpate
v. 무죄를 선언하다
inculpate, incriminate
: free somebody from blame or accusation of guilt
exemplary
a. 모범의, 전형의
= typical
[n. exemplar]
: serving as example, ideal, worthy of imitation
cf) empitomize(전형의)
exempt
a, v. 면제된
[n. examption]
: freed from or not subject to something such as a duty, tax
exhaustive
a. 포괄적인, 철저한
= thorough, complete, comprehensive
partial
exhausting
a. 피곤하게/ 지치게하는
= tiring, draning, fatiguing
exonerate
v. 무죄를 입증하다
= absolve, acquit, exculpate, exonerate, vindicate
[n. exoneration]
: free somebody from blame or oblication
expediency
n. 편의성
= practicality, convenience
: use of short-term effective methods
expedite
v. 촉진시키다
= facilitate
impede
: speed up the progress of, deal with quickly and efficiently
expedition
n. (촉진), 탐사, field trip
= trip, outing
foot-dragging(지체하는), leisureliness(leisurely=여유롭게)
: speed or efficiency, organized trip by a group
explicit
a. 명백한
= obvious, manifest, patent
implicit, subtle
extant
a. 현존하는
: not lost, missing, destroyed or extinct
extemporize
v. 즉흥으로 하다
= improvise
[a. extemporaneous]
: perform something without preparation
extenuate
v. 사태의 심각성/중요성을 줄이다
= attenuate(물리적)
: diminish the seriousness of or magnitude of
extraneous
a. 외부의, 비핵심의, 중요하지 않은
= irrelevant, not essential
: coming from outside
extrinsic
a. 외부의, 비핵심의, 중요하지 않은
= inessential
intrinsic(내부의,핵심의)
: coming from outside
extrapolate
v. 추론하다, 일반화하다
= infer, deduce, generalize
: use known facts as the starting point from which to draw inferences
extravagant
a. 사치스러운
= wasteful
: spending too much, beyond what is reasonable
exuberant
a. 활기찬
= excite, animated
[n. exuberance]
: full of enthusiasm and vitality
exultant
a. 크게 기뻐하는
[v. exult]
: extremely happy or joyful
cf) exalt
facetious
a. 웃긴
= funny, humorous, droll, antic
serious
facile
a. 신속한, 수월한
= expedite, facilitate
: easy to do, requiring little effort, fluent but insincere or superficial
cf) facile + 말 : 유창(진정성x) => 임만 살아있는
faddish
a. 잠깐 유행이 도는
classical(전통적으로 쭉 해오는)
[n. fad(잠깐의 유행)]
: briefly fashionable
fade
v. 희미하게 하다
= vanish
[a, fading, faded]
: make something lose brightness, color, or loudness gradually, become tired
cf) 번영했는데 쇠퇴되는 느낌
failing
v, a. 기절하다, 희미한
= not bright, clear, or loud
: lose consciousness briefly
flater
= waver(왔다갔다하다), hesitate
[a. faltering (# unfaltering)]
: move unsteadily, hesitate in speach
fanatic
a, n. 광신자
[a. fanatical]
: a person marked by “extreme” and sometimes “irrational” entusiasm
cf) 두가지 형용사 모두 가능
fast
a. 확고한, 단식
: acting rapidly, firmly fixed, period of fasting
fastness
n. 요새, 방공호
= fixedness
: a secure or fortified place
fastidious
a. 까다로운, 꼼꼼한
= demanding, exacting, meticulous
: excessively careful, difficult to please
cf) menticulous - 약 설명 다 읽고, 보험 약관 다 읽고 하는 느낌
fathom
v. 1) 깊이를 재다, 2) 이해하다
= understand, comprehend, grasp(잡다, 이해하다)
: measure the depth of water
fathomless
a. (너무 깊은,) 이해하기 힘든
: too deep to measure, endlessly deep
cf) unfathomable, numberless
fatigue
n. 피로, 피로함
: mental or physical exhaustion
fawn
n. 새끼사슴, 아첨하다
= adulate
: young deer, seek favor by complimenting excessively
fealty
n. 충성
= allegiance, loyalty, fidelity
feckless
a. 1)목적없는 2)열의없는 3)효과없는 4)무책임한
= ineffective, incompetent, irresponsible
: aimless, lacking vitality
feign
v. 속이다
= pretende, fake
[n. feint, (a. feigned #unfeigned(속이지않는, 진실된))]
fervid
a. 열정적인
= perfervid, fervent
[n. fervor]
: marked by great passion or zeal
fetter
n. 족쇄
= bridle, harness(마구), curb(재갈), shackle(수갑); confine, restrict, restrain
fickle
a. 변덕스러운
: likely to change, especially in affections, intentions, loyalties, or preferences
cf) carpricious
figment
n. 공상, 상상
= illusion
: purely imaginary thing
cf) pigment(색소, 색깔 = hue)
finesse
n. 외교술
= ability, skill, dexterity ; diplomacy, tact
: skill ful approach in dealing with a trouble some situation
finicky
a. 까다로운
= finical, fussy
: concentrating too much on small unimportant details
exuberant
a. 활기찬
= excite, animated
[n. exuberance]
: full of enthusiasm and vitality
exultant
a. 크게 기뻐하는
[v. exult]
: extremely happy or joyful
cf) exalt
fissure
n. 틈(사람사이에 생기는 틈도 포함)
= rift, breach, crak, separation, break
cf) breach = break => 위법(법을 깨다)
fitful
a. 간헐적인
= sporadic, spasmodic(경련성의)
chronic
: starting and stopping irregulary
cf) fit, fitting
fixed
a. 고정된
= immovable, unchangeable
: not subject to change
flatter
v. 아첨하다
= adulate, fawn
[n. flattery]
: compliment too much in order to gain an advantage
fledgling
n, a. 초기단계의, 아기새, 미숙한
= inexperienced
fully developed
: young birld with new flight feathers
cf) emerging ; fledgling(새가 깃털이 나다)
flight
n. 비행, 도망
= air trip, running away
: process or act of flying
flimsy
a. (물리적으로) 얇고, 가볍고, 희박한
= weak, insubstantial, thin, fragile
cf) film, 거미줄의 느낌
flinch
v. 무서워서 움츠러들다, 쫄다
: react physically to pain or fear
cf) unflinching (당당히 맞서는, 쫄지 않는)
flippant
a. 경박함(존경심이 없는 느낌), 심각하지 않음(가벼움)
serious
[n. flippancy]
: not taking something seriously enough, maked by disrespectful levity(경박함)
cf) 엄마가 애 혼냈는데, ‘녜, 녜~’ 하는 느낌
flourish
v, n. 번성하다; 장식
= thrive, burgeon; embellishment, ornamentation
: glow well
fluctuate
v. change, 바뀌다
constant
[n. fluctuation]
: vary in level, degree, or value
cf) flux; adjust, adapt
foil
n, v. 호일; 방해하다
= ; impede, hamper, hinder, thward, prevent, block, obstruct frustrate
: metal in thin sheets
folly
n. 어리석음
: foolishness
foment
v. (불만, 사회적 분위기를) 선동하다
= incite
defuse (긴장, 위험을 줄이다)
: promote the growth of
foolhardy
a. 무모하고 굳센 (결정난 것이 없는데 밀어붙이는)
[n. foolhardiness]
: bold but reckless
cf) hardy(튼튼한)
forge
v. 위조하다 / 치고 나가다
= build, establish, fablicate /
[n. forgery (counterfeit 위조(지폐))]
: make illegar copy / move forward, forge ahead
cf) forgo
forestall
v. “선수쳐서” 방해하다
: prevent or hinder somebody from happening by acting in advance
cf) 본문에 ‘일이 일어나기 전에’라는 것이 언급되어있어야만 한다.
formidable
a. 1)존경할만한 2)두려움을 일으키는 3) (규모 등이) 엄청난, 어마어마한
= redoubtable(1)(2), awe-inspring, admirable, frightening
: difficult to deal with or overcome
cf) e.g. a formidable task
forte
n. 강점
: strong point
fortify
v. 강화시키다, 강화하다
= buttress
: make place safer, make structure stronger
cf) fortress, fastness(안전하고, 강화가 된 지역 => 요새)
forthright
a. 직설적인, 솔직한
= stragitforward
: in a direct and very honest way
fortuitous
a. 1) 행운의 2) 우연한
= fortunate, lucky ; accidental, unplanned
foster
v. 기르다
= nourish, nurture, develop, promote
stunt (발육을 방해하다)
: nurture a child
cf) S foster O : S 때문에 O됐다 (cause의 느낌, 인과관계 느낌)
fracture
n, v. 부셔지다
= break
: break of bone
fragment
n, v. 조각조각나다
[a. fragementary, fragmented]
: broken piece, break up
