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Hemic-Lymphatic and Clin Path > Cutaneous Cytology > Flashcards

Cutaneous Cytology Flashcards

1
Q

what can cutaneous lesions be?

A

inflammation
cystic accumulation of noncellular material
neoplasia

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2
Q

in whom are keratin-filled cystic lesions common?

A

dogs

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3
Q

what are keratin-filled cystic lesions usually from?

A

follicular cysts
epidermal inclusion cysts

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4
Q

what do aspirates of sebaceous cysts yield?

A

amorphous, waxy/greasy, non-staining material
may contain sebaceous cells

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5
Q

what is calcinosis cutis?

A

deposits/plaques of calcium in the skin/subcutaneous or other tissues

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6
Q

what is calcinosis circumscripta?

A

subtype of dystrophic calcinosis cutis

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7
Q

what does calcinosis aspirate as?

A

white, granular/amorphous, colorless, chalky gross appearance
maybe macrophages/inflammation

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8
Q

what are the five major types of cutaneous round cell tumors in skin?

A

plasmacytoma
histiocytoma
mast cell tumor
lymphoma
transmissible venereal tumor

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9
Q

how can you identify lymphoma on cytology?

A

round cells with high N:C ratio
nuclei usually round to oval, vary
cytoplasm of lymphoblasts usually deeply basophilic
may have vacuolated cytoplasm

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10
Q

when might lymphocytes be found in high numbers?

A

lymphoma
hyperplasia of focal lymphoid tissue
lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate

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11
Q

what is canine cutaneous histiocytoma?

A

neoplasm of langerhans cells

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12
Q

what does canine cutaneous histiocytoma look like on a slide?

A

generic round cells
pale basophilic grainy cytoplasma
round to oval nuclei

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13
Q

what do mast cells look like on cytology?

A

round cells with numerous purple-staining cytoplasmic granules

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14
Q

how is staging of mast cell tumors done in dogs?

A

evaluation for metastasis
aspiration regional lymph nodes, spleen
evaluation of blood for circulating mast cells

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15
Q

how is grading of mast cell tumors done in dogs?

A

evaluate tumor for malignancy
cytology: morphologic appearance of mast cells
biopsy grading
c-KIT mutation PCR

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16
Q

does mast cell tumor morphology correspond to grade/malignancy in cats?

A

not always

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17
Q

why are feline visceral mast cell tumors special?

A

some do not stain granules with standard stains

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18
Q

where might plasmacytomas occur?

A

bone: myeloma
other sites: extramedullary

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19
Q

what is the cytoplasm like in cells from plasmacytomas?

A

deep blue, may have perinuclear golgi zone

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20
Q

what are the nuclei like in plasmacytoma?

A

round, eccentrically-located with clumped chromatin
binucleated and/or multinucleated cells often seen

21
Q

what are the characteristic locations of canine transmissible venereal tumor?

A

genitals
nasal region

22
Q

how many chromosomes do canine transmissible venereal tumor cells have compared to normal dogs?

A

57-64 instead of 78

23
Q

what do transmissible venereal tumors look like on cytology?

A

round cells with high mitotic rate and prominent nucleoli
high anisocytosis and anisokaryosis
punctuate cytoplasmic vacuolation often present

24
Q

what is the morphology of basal/basilar cell tumors?

A

basal cells high N:C ratio
form ribbons and/or grape-like clusters
may have associated pink matrix-like material
may contain large amounts of melanin in pigmented skin areas

25
Q

what do aspirates of sebaceous cell tumors often contain?

A

large 3D clumps of cells
cells: small nuclei and cytoplasm with sebum vacuoles

26
Q

what do normal, mature squamous cells look like?

A

large, flat, polygonal cells

27
Q

what can squamous cells contain?

A

melanin granules

28
Q

what do well-differentiated tumor cells from squamous cell carcinoma look like?

A

normal squamous cells: large, flat, polygonal cells with smooth blue cytoplasm

29
Q

what is squamous cell carcinoma often accompanied by?

A

suppurative inflammation

30
Q

what is the N:C ratio like in squamous cell carcinoma?

A

lower than most carcinomas

31
Q

what are the common tumors in for perianal masses in dogs?

A

perianal (circumanal) gland tumors
anal sac apocrine gland tumors

32
Q

what are the cells like in perianal (circumanal) gland adenomas?

A

clumbs, with abundant, granular cytoplasm and round nuclei
resemble hepatocytes

33
Q

what do the cells in apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma (AGASACA) look like?

A

bland-looking, indistinct borders and high N:C ratio
usually few criteria of malignancy

34
Q

what can aspirates of anal sacs contain?

A

amorphous material
keratinized squamous cells/keratin
bacteria
yeast

35
Q

what do mammary neoplasms arise from?

A

epithelial
myoepithelial
and/or stromal cells

36
Q

what percentage of feline mammary tumors are malignant?

A

80-90%

37
Q

what does melanoma produce?

A

brownish/greenish-black melanin granules

38
Q

what can be the appearance of melanoma cells?

A

epitheloid, round, or spindle-shaped

39
Q

poorly-differentiated melanomas usually have ____________________ nucleoli

A

large, prominent

40
Q

where might large amounts of melanin be found, other than melanoma?

A

basal cell tumors
keratin-filled cystic lesions
lymph nodes draining melanomas

41
Q

if cutaneous mesenchymal neoplasms appear benign, what are they called?

A

mesenchymal neoplasm

42
Q

what is usually required for definitive ID of cutaneous mesenchymal neoplasms?

A

histopathology

43
Q

if cutaneous mesenchymal neoplasms appear malignant, what are they called?

A

soft tissue sarcoma

44
Q

in whom is lipoma common in?

A

dogs

45
Q

what does aspiration of lipoma appear as grossly?

A

oily slide that does not dry

46
Q

what is an aspirate of lipoma essentially identical to?

A

normal adipose tissue

47
Q

what do variants of lipoma include?

A

infiltrative lipoma
heemangiolipoma
fibrolipoma

48
Q

____________ may get pedunculated lipomas in their abdomen, possible causing intestinal obstruction

A

horses

49
Q

what do liposarcomas usually appear as?

A

spindle/cell, similar to other sarcomas

Hemic-Lymphatic and Clin Path (33 decks)

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