Conditions + pg 275 vocab

Question 1

initium, initii

Answer 1

n., beginning, commencement (initial)

Question 2

ops, opis

Answer 2

f., help aid; opes, opum, pl. power, resources, wealth (opulent)

Question 3

philosophus, philosophi

Answer 3

m. philosopher

Question 4

philosopha, philosophae

Answer 4

f. philosopher

Question 5

plebs, plebis

Answer 5

f., the common people, populace, plebeians (plebs)

Question 6

sal, salis

Answer 6

m., salt; wit

Question 7

speculum, speculi

Answer 7

n., mirror (speculate)

Question 8

quis, quid after si, nisi, ne, num

Answer 8

indef. pron., anyone, anything, someone, something

Question 9

candidus, -a, -um

Answer 9

shining, bright, white; beatiful

Question 10

merus, mera, merum

Answer 10

pure, undiluted (mere)

Question 11

suavis, suave

Answer 11

sweet (persuade)

Question 12

-ve

Answer 12

conj., suffixed to a word = aut before the word, or

Question 13

heu

Answer 13

interj., ah!, alas!

Question 14

subito

Answer 14

adv., suddenly

Question 15

recuso, recusare, recusavi, recusatum

Answer 15

to refuse

Question 16

trado, tradere, tradidi, traditum

Answer 16

(trans + do) to give over, surrender; hand down, transmit, teach (tradition)

Question 17

protasis

Answer 17

if/unless clause

Question 18

apodosis

Answer 18

then clause

Question 19

si

Answer 19

if

Question 20

nisi

Answer 20

if not, unless

Question 21

logical conditions use what mood

Answer 21

indicative

Question 22

3 tense options for logical conditions

Answer 22

present, past, future more vivid

Question 23

how the 3 tenses work for logical conditions

Answer 23

for present and past you put the same tense in both the protasis and apodosis. For the future more vivid you put the future in the apodosis but you can have a future or future perfect in the protasis. Same tense in both = same time. Future perfect protasis = time before the future in the apodosis.

Question 24

future less vivid

Answer 24

use present subjunctive in both protasis and apodosis, translate with should… would

Question 25

two types of contrafactual conditions

Answer 25

present or past

Question 26

present contrafactual uses what tense and mood in both the protasis and apodosis

Answer 26

imperfect subjunctive

Question 27

past contrafactual uses what tense and mood in both the protasis and apodosis

Answer 27

pluperfect subjunctive

Question 28

Simple fact present (logical present) example: Si id facit, prudens est.

Answer 28

If he is doing this, he is wise. N.B. he quite possibly is doing this

Question 29

Simple fact past (logical past) example: Si id fecit, prudens fuit.

Answer 29

If he did this, he was wise. N.B. quite possibly he did do this

Question 30

Simple fact future (logical future or future more vivid) example: Si id faciet, prudens erit.

Answer 30

If he does (will do) this, he will be wise. N.B. quite possibly he will

Question 31

how to translate a contrary to fact present:

Answer 31

were (…ing), would (be)

Question 32

contrary to fact present example: Si id faceret, prudens esset.

Answer 32

If he were doing this [but in fact he is not], he would be wise [but he is not].

Question 33

contrary to fact past example: Si id fecisset, prudens fuisset.

Answer 33

If he had done this [but he did not], he would have been wise [but he was not].

Question 34

how to translate a contrary to fact past:

Answer 34

had, would have

Question 35

how to translate a future less vivid

Answer 35

should, would

Question 36

future less vivid example: Si id faciat, prudens sit.

Answer 36

If he should do this [and he may, or he may not], he would be wise.

Question 37

scelus, sceleris

Answer 37

n., crime

Question 38

mens, mentis

Answer 38

f., mind; reason, intellect