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ACB-1 SCW Board > Common Core: Chemical, Biological, and Radiological (CBR) Warfare > Flashcards

Common Core: Chemical, Biological, and Radiological (CBR) Warfare Flashcards

1
Q

What are Chemical Hazards?

A

Intended for use in military operations to kill, seriously injure, or incapacitate. The US does not use Chemical Weapons.

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2
Q

What are Biological Hazards?

A
  • The intentional release of living organisms or substances produced by living organisms that cause death or desease to man, domestic animals, crops, etc. -The US does not use biological weapons.
  • Bacteria, rickets, viruses, and fungi
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3
Q

What are Radiological Hazards?

A

The employment of nuclear weapons to destroy property and personnel.

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4
Q

What is active defense in CBRN Defense Operations?

A

Mesures taken to defeat an attack with CBRN weapons by employing actions to divert, neutralize, or destroy those weapons or their means of delivery while en-route to their targets.
- Missile defense, end defense, special operations, security operations.

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5
Q

What is passive defense in CBRN Defense Operations?

A

Measures taken to minimize or negate the vulnerability and effects of CBRN attacks.

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6
Q

What are the three passive defense principles?

A
  1. Contamination avoidance of CBRN hazards.
  2. Protection of individuals, units, and equipment.
  3. Decontamination to restore operational capabilities.
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7
Q

What are common actions pre-attack, during, and post attack?

A
  • Designating proposed decontamination sites.
  • Implementing Coordinated NBC Defense Plan.
  • Preparing to provide Primary Care for unit casualties.
  • Determining and implementing MOPP.
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8
Q

What are nuclear actions pre-attack, during, and post attack?

A

Pre-attack: Selecting the right shelters, fortifying, and protecting vital equipment. Gamma and neutron radiation protection.
During: Drop facedown with feet towards the blast. Protect head and torso.
Post Attack: Check for radioactive contaminates and decontaminate immediately.

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9
Q

What are biological actions pre-attack, during, and post attack?

A

Pre-attack: Personal health maintenance and realistic training.
During: Assume MOPP 4.
Post Attack: Decontaminate. Identify and treat symptoms. Isolate individuals showing symptoms.

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10
Q

What are chemical actions pre-attack, during, and post attack?

A

Pre-attack: Deploy and activate detectors. Watch for attack indicators. Designate and prepare shelters.
During: Give Attack Warning, take cover, and use MOPP4.
Post Attack: Obtain and report evidence of attach. Document exposure. Chemical filter exchange.

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11
Q

What are toxic industrial material actions pre-attack, during, and post attack?

A

Pre-attack: Identify the TIM used in the area. Assess the need for special detectors or PPE.
During: Alert HHQ, adjacent, and subordinate units. Start monitoring. Assume MOPP 4.
Post Attack: Rescue, protect, and treat victims. Preserve evidence. Follow emergency response SOP.

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12
Q

Describe the operation of the protective mask.

A

Put on mask and test for fit and possible leaks by placing palms over the canisters. The mask should collapse against your face when you breathe.

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13
Q

Describe the maintenance of the protective mask.

A
  1. Remove canister. Keep dry.
  2. Clean with warm soapy water.
  3. Air dry before storing in carrier.
  4. Replace damaged or worn parts.
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14
Q

MOPP Level 0

A

MOPP Gear on hand

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15
Q

MOPP Level 1

A

Overgarment worn (open or closed), boots/mask/gloves carried.

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16
Q

MOPP Level 2

A

Overgarment (open or closed) and boots worn, mask/gloves carried.

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17
Q

MOPP Level 3

A

Overgarment (open or closed), boots worn, mask on (open or closed), and gloves carried.

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18
Q

MOPP Level 4

A

Everything on and closed.

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19
Q

Describe the correct procedures for inspecting and maintaining the JSLIST chemical protective ensemble.

A
  1. Store in bag when not in use. Keep dry.
  2. Use M9 tape on the wrists and ankles.
  3. Test mask after donning.
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20
Q

What are the colors and markings on the NATO Chemical marker sign?

A
  • Yellow triangle with “GAS” written in 2” red block letters.
  • Write date, time, and agent name on sign
21
Q

What is the color that the M9 chemical agent detector tape displays after it comes in contact with a liquid nerve or blister agent?

A

Spots or steaks on the tape appear pink, red-brown, red-purple, or any other shade of red.

22
Q

What are the symptoms of nerve agents?

A

Sweating. nausea, vomiting, wheezing, cramps, headache, blurred vision, weakness, and elevated blood pressure.

23
Q

What are the contents of the NAAK MK1?

A
  • Nerve Agent Antidote Kit: is a dual-chamber autoinjector with two anti-nerve agent drugs- atropine sulfate and pralidoxime chloride
24
Q

What is the self treatment for nerve agents?

A
  • Don the protective mask
  • Remove a NAAK from the protective mask carrier
  • Inject the meaty part of the thigh with the first injector from the kit (atropine) hold against the thigh for at least 10 seconds.
  • Follow immediately with second injector of 2-pam chloride and hold for at least 10 seconds.
  • Bend needle to from a hook and place on the protective outer garment
  • Wait 10 – 15 minutes before administering second series of injections (no more than three)
25
Q

What are the steps and procedures in utilizing the M-295 and M291 decontamination kits?

A
  1. M291 Skin Decontamination Kit. Wallet sized pouch with 6 decon packets. Absorbent resin powder- pat onto skin.
  2. M295 is a larger version used for equipment decon.
26
Q

How long will the JSLIST protective suit provide protection from chemical agents once they are removed from packaging?

A

Exposed: 24 hours after chemically contaminated.

Non exposed: 6 launderings/45 days of wear/120 calendar days after removal from sealed bag.

27
Q

What are the laundering procedures for the JSLIST protective suit?

A

Machine wash or hand-wash between 90-110 degrees. Tumble dry on low. Record on garment label when laundered.
- Do not starch, bleach, dry clean, or steam.

28
Q

What is immediate decontamination?

A
  • Skin decontamination
  • Yourself and your weapon
  • Operator spray down
29
Q

What is operational decontamination?

A
  • Allows a force to fight longer and sustain its mission while contaminated.
  • Removal of gross contaminants.
  • MOPP gear exchange
30
Q

What is thorough decontamination?

A
  • Detailed troop and equipment decontamination

- Reduce contaminants to a negligible risk

31
Q

What are the delivery methods of chemical weapons?

A
  • Bursting: Ground and Air
  • Spray
  • Thermal
32
Q

What are Casualty agents?

A

Nerve, blister, blood, choking

33
Q

What are Incapacitating agents?

A

Depressants and stimulants

34
Q

What are Harassing agents?

A

Tear and vomiting gases

35
Q

What are the four CBRN Operational Elements?

A
  1. Sense
  2. Shape
  3. Shield
  4. Sustain
36
Q

What are the colors and markings on the NATO Biological marker sign?

A
  • Blue triangle with the letters “BIO” written in red 2” block letters.
  • Write date, time, and agent name on sign
37
Q

What are the colors and markings on the NATO Radiological marker sign?

A
  • White triangle with the word “ATOM” written in 2” black letters.
  • Write date, time, and agent name on sign
38
Q

What is the color that the M8 chemical agent detector tape displays after it comes in contact with a liquid nerve or blister agent?

A
  • V-type nerve agents turns the paper dark green.
  • G-type nerve agent turns it yellow
  • Blister agents turn red
  • Don’t have a colorblind person read it.
39
Q

What is the buddy treatment for nerve agents?

A
  • Mask the casualty
  • Using the casualties NAAK, administer three sets of injections immediately and in rapid succession in the thigh muscle of the leg.
  • Hook the expended auto-injectors to the overgarment pocket flap of the casualty
  • Administer the back pressure arm-lift method of artificial ventilation if breathing is difficult or has ceased
  • Administer CANA after third set if he’s undergoing convulsions.
  • Always use the casualty’s injectors.
40
Q

Describe nuclear explosion air blast.

A

A shock wave tat initially travels outwards at a velocity seven times the speed of sound at high over pressures.

41
Q

Describe nuclear explosion thermal radiation.

A

Incapacitate personnel, causing skin burns, flash blindness, or retinal burns. Ignites fires.

42
Q

Describe nuclear explosion fallout.

A
  • Emits gamma radiation
  • Causes surfaces to decay
  • Death
43
Q

Describe nuclear explosion blast.

A
  • Primary blast injuries result from the direct air shock wave.
  • Secondary blast injuries are mainly caused by collapsing buildings and projectiles.
44
Q

Describe nuclear explosion burns.

A
  • Primary burns are a direct result of thermal radiation
  • Secondary are the result of fires cause by explosions
  • Flash blindness
45
Q

Describe nuclear radiation types.

A
  • Alpha: heaviest, ingestion
  • Beta: Skin or ingestion
  • Gamma Rays: Penetrates though everything. Can shield with lead.
  • Neutrons: Can be stopped by 1 to 2 feet of water, wax, out, or polyethylene.
46
Q

Describe Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) Phenomenon.

A

An EMP is an intense burst of radio-frequency radiation. Can burn out most unprotected electrical and electronics.

47
Q

What is the procedure for setting up a personnel decontamination (PDS) line?

A
  1. PDS set up in a secure, uncontaminated area upwind of contaminated site.
  2. Personnel operate the PDS under the CBR Defense Officer
  3. Remove contaminated MOPP gear. Web gear is buried.
48
Q

What is procedure for setting up a Detailed Equipment Decontamination (DED) line?

A

Stations should be 30-50m apart

  1. Station 1: Initial Wash
  2. Station 2: Decontaminant Application
  3. Station 3: Interior Decontamination
  4. Station 4: Rinse
49
Q

What is procedure for setting up a Detailed Troop Decontamination (DTD) line?

ACB-1 SCW Board (52 decks)

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