CNS Infections Flashcards
What are the 4 different types of Infections to the CNS?
- Abscess
- Empyema
- Meningitis
- Encephalomyelitis
Name two sites for CNS infections
- Brain
2. Spinal Cord
Describe the etiology of CNS infections
- Bacterial
- Fungal
- Other
What are the two types of abscesses in a bacterial CNS infection?
- Cerebral
2. Spinal
What is the most common CNS infection secondary to dental pathology/procedure?
CNS abscess
List 4 symptoms of a CNS abscess
- Changes in consciousness
- Focal neurologic signs
- Vomiting
- Fever
Give 3 examples of Focal neurologic signs
- Speech defects
- Visual Field defects
- Paresis
What is Paresis?
a condition of muscular weakness caused by nerve damage or disease; partial paralysis.
What are the risk factors for a bacterial abscess in a CNS infection?
- Oral pathology
- Oral procedures
- Immunocompromised
- Chronic illness
- Chronic heart disease
- Skull Fracture
- Meningitis
- Sinus infections
What are 4 things involved in diagnosing a CNS abscess?
- Symptoms
- Physical exam
- Imaging
- Laboratories
What things are involved with the laboratory when diagnosing a CNS abscess?
- Peripheral blood
- CSF
- Cultures
What is the treatment for a CNS bacterial abscess?
- Antibiotics
2. Surgery (if > 2.5cm)
What is the pathology of a bacterial abscess?
Liquefactive
**which means:
necrosis (or colliquative necrosis) is a type of necrosis which results in a transformation of the tissue into a liquid viscous mass. Often it is associated with focal bacterial or fungal infections.
Name 4 dental sources of CNS infections
- Caries–pulpitis
- Apical periodontitis
- Phlegmon/Abscess formation external to the brain
- Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis/periodontits
What is the dental procedure most commonly associated with CNS infection?
Extraction
What percent of Dental CNS infections have underlying intraoral pathology?
87%
What percent of Dental CNS infections with underlying intra-oral patholgy showed Dental symptoms before neurologic symtpoms?
40%
What percent of Dental CNS infections that have underlying intra-oral pathology present as ipsilateral?
70%
*diffuse/bilateral oral pathology is also common (like ginigivitis)
What percent of Dental CNS infections were preceded by dental procedures?
47%
*Most related to molar teeth
What type of patients are at risk for Mycoses infections in the CNS?
Immunocompromised