Classification of prochordates and vertebrates

Question 1

What are the characteristics of chordates

Answer 1

Notochord, dorsal nerve chord, pharyngeal gill slits, ad post anal tail

Question 2

Characteristics of phylum Chordata

Answer 2

notochord, pharyngeal slits, endostyle or thyroid gland, dorsal tubular nerve cord, post anal tail

Question 3

protostomes fundamental patterns

Answer 3

Blastophore (mouth), spiral cleavage, schizocoelic coelom, and ectodermal skeleton

Question 4

Deuterostomes fundamental patterns

Answer 4

Blastopore (anus), radial cleavage, enterocoelic coelom, mesodermal skeleton

Question 5

The notochord develops from the ______ in chordates

Answer 5

Mesoderm

Question 6

the notochord is a _______ organ with elastic properties

Answer 6

hydrostatic

Question 7

the notochord resists

Answer 7

compression

Question 8

The notochord induces ________ development

Answer 8

dorsal neural tube

Question 9

Pharyngeal slits are formed when

Answer 9

pockets of ectoderm and endoderm meet

Question 10

Pharyngeal slits pierce or nearly pierce the wall if the

Answer 10

pharynx

Question 11

the endostyle is a glandular groove in the floor of the

Answer 11

pharynx

Question 12

The endostyle utilizes

Answer 12

iodine

Question 13

Common animals that have an endostyle are the

Answer 13

urochordates, cephalochordates and larval lampreys’

Question 14

the thyroid gland develops from the

Answer 14

the floor of the pharynx

Question 15

The thyroid require ____ for proper function

Answer 15

iodine

Question 16

The thyroid has

Answer 16

endodermal origin

Question 17

Adult lampreys, hagfish, and gnathostomates have

Answer 17

thyroids

Question 18

the neural plate develops from the

Answer 18

ectoderm

Question 19

The dorsal tubular nerve cord develops

Answer 19

dorsal to the notochord

Question 20

Invagination

Answer 20

is the folding and rolling of the neural plate into a tube

Question 21

the postanal tail develops from the

Answer 21

ectoderm

Question 22

Postanal tail allows for

Answer 22

motility and balance

Question 23

In cephalochordates the _______ and the _________ remain in adults

Answer 23

notochord; nerve chord

Question 24

cephalochordates have a endostyle that

Answer 24

secretes mucus

Question 25

Cephalochordates have a _______ on the roof of the bucal cavity

Answer 25

Hatscheks pit

Question 26

Cephalochordates have a _______ complex

Answer 26

pharyngeal arch

Question 26

Cephalochordates lack

Answer 26

hearts and kidneys

Question 27

Cephalochordates have a ______ for filter water exit

Answer 27

atriopore

Question 28

urochordates are free swimming larvae that have a _____ and ______

Answer 28

notochord neural tube

Question 29

urochordates have

Answer 29

multiple pharyngeal slits

Question 30

urochordates have a _____ outer body cover

Answer 30

tunic

Question 31

urochordate adults are

Answer 31

sessile

Question 32

urochordates have a ______ that secrete mucus

Answer 32

endostyle

Question 33

in urochordates the anus empties into the

Answer 33

atrium

Question 34

there are two subphylum vertebrata

Answer 34

superclass agnatha and gnathostomata

Question 35

superclass agnatha has two classes named

Answer 35

myxini (slime/hagfish) cephalaspidomorphi (head shield shape/lampreys)

Question 36

Superclass gnathostomata has six classes

Answer 36

Chondrichyes (cartilage) osteichthyes (bony fish) amphibia reptilia aves ammalia

Question 37

Agnatha (jawless fish) have no

Answer 37

scales

Question 38

Agnatha (jawless fish) have a persistent

Answer 38

notochord

Question 39

Agnatha (jawless fish) have one _____ and one _____

Answer 39

Auricle; ventricle

Question 40

Agnatha (jawless fish) have differentiated

Answer 40

brain and cranial nerves

Question 41

Agnatha (jawless fish) have a ______ but no ______

Answer 41

digestive system ; stomach

Question 42

Agnatha (jawless fish) have sense organs for

Answer 42

taste smell and hearing

Question 43

Agnatha (jawless fish) eggs are fertilized

Answer 43

externally

Question 44

Hagfish release

Answer 44

slime from skin

Question 45

hagfish have ____ nostril

Answer 45

one

Question 46

hagfish has body fluid similar to

Answer 46

seawater

Question 47

hagfish have

Answer 47

teeth like processes on the tongue

Question 48

hagfish have both ______ but only one works

Answer 48

testes and ovaries

Question 49

lampreys have sucker like

Answer 49

oral disk

Question 50

lampreys have well developed

Answer 50

teeth

Question 51

lampreys have ______ fins

Answer 51

medial

Question 52

lampreys have missing _____ fins

Answer 52

paired

Question 53

lampreys have single _________ opening

Answer 53

nasopharyngeal

Question 54

lamprey larva major organs

Answer 54

endostyle, liver, gallbladder, kidney, 3 lobed brain (forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain)

Question 55

chondrichthyes have a ______ skeleton

Answer 55

cartilaginous

Question 56

chondrichthyes have _______ scales

Answer 56

placoid

Question 57

chondrichthyes have ____ replacement of teeth

Answer 57

serial

Question 58

chondrichthyes have a persistance

Answer 58

notochord

Question 59

chondrichthyes have a complete ______ column

Answer 59

vertrbral

Question 60

chondrichthyes have paired

Answer 60

pectoral and pelvis fins

Question 61

chondrichthyes have a ____ heart

Answer 61

2 chambered

Question 62

chondrichthyes have a

Answer 62

stomach

Question 63

chondrichthyes have accessory digestive organs

Answer 63

liver, pancreas, and gall bladder

Question 64

chondrichthyes have a ____ with lobes

Answer 64

brain

Question 65

chondrichthyes have a ______ system

Answer 65

circulatory

Question 66

osteichthyes have a _____ skeleton

Answer 66

bony

Question 67

osteichthyes have ____ glands

Answer 67

mucus

Question 68

osteichthyes have ______ _____ arches

Answer 68

bony gilled

Question 69

osteichthyes have a _____ bladder

Answer 69

swim

Question 70

osteichthyes have ______ scales

Answer 70

dermal

Question 71

osteichthyes have ______ chambers covered by _______

Answer 71

gill ; operculum

Question 72

osteichthyes have ____ and _____ fins

Answer 72

median ; paired