Cholesterol Flashcards
What are some essential functions of cholesterol?
Cholesterol is important for the synthesis of Vitamin D, cortisol, aldosterone, sex hormones, bile salts, and for maintaining membrane integrity, especially in the brain.
How does a diet rich in triglycerides affect cholesterol synthesis?
A diet rich in triglycerides stimulates cholesterol synthesis in the liver and small intestine.
What role do gut bacteria play in cholesterol metabolism?
Gut bacteria from a healthy microbiome metabolize cholesterol, leading to less reabsorption.
Does dietary cholesterol significantly affect plasma cholesterol levels?
No, dietary cholesterol does not significantly affect plasma cholesterol levels in most people; genetic and nutritional factors are more influential.
What is the role of LDL cholesterol?
LDL (low-density lipoprotein) transports cholesterol from the liver to cells.
What is the function of HDL cholesterol?
HDL (high-density lipoprotein) collects cholesterol from cells and transports it back to the liver.
What was the impact of cholesterol-lowering campaigns on public health?
The global cholesterol-lowering campaign led to widespread statin use, but studies have shown that lower ‘bad’ cholesterol levels do not necessarily correlate with reduced heart disease risk.
How does cholesterol play a role in atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis requires LDL cholesterol to deposit in the arterial wall and become oxidized, which is driven by inflammation.
Why is measuring LDL particle size a better health indicator than measuring total cholesterol?
Measuring LDL particle size is a better indicator because atherosclerosis is linked to oxidized LDL particles, not just total cholesterol.
