chemistry mod 4 Flashcards
one fascinating area of study of atoms
isotopes
the term isotope was first used by
Scottish doctor Margaret Todd
renowned chemist _ believed to have taken the first steps in isolating the isotope by degenerating uranium
F. Soddy, in 1913
in 1931 _ discovered the effect of isotopes on the mass of an atom
Harold Urey and G.M. Murphy
the term isotope is a combination of the greek word _
isos and topos
which means equal
Isos
the word for place
Topos
best known use of isotope is in _
nuclear weapons and energy
in medicine, isotopes are used in?
photosynthesis
archeologists use _ to determine the age of an object, a process known as _
carbon isotopes, carbon 14 dating
the discovery of the isotope showed that _
no two chemicals can be the same
are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different in the number of neutrons
isotopes
an unstable atom is an atom whose nucleus can change its composition
radioisotope
are radioactive isotope because they produce radiations they breakdown in the process
radioisotopes
have a stable proton-neuron combination and do not display any sign of decay
stable isotopes
scientists performing environmental ad ecological experimenents use stable isotopes of _
oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, nitrogen, and carbon
have an unstable combination of protons and neurons. isotopes decay
radioactive isotopes
come from human made nuclear activities, such as weapons teasting and nuclear fuel production
anthropogenic isotopes
are the end result of radioactive decay
radiogenic isotopes
radioactive isotopes find uses in _
agriculture, food industry, pest control, archeology and medicine
which measures the age of carbon bearing items uses a radioactive isotope known as carbon 14
radiocarbon dating
in medicine, _ emitted by radioactive elements are used to detect tumors inside the human body
gamma rays
the process of exposing food to a controlled level of gamma rays- kills many types of bacteria, making food safer to eat
food irradiation
all elements are _
isotopes
are positively charged particles in an atoms nucleus
protons
carries a neutral charge, so each positively charged proton is balanced by a negatively charged particle
atom
negative particles _ orbit outside of the nucleus
electrons
determines how an atom will react and bond to other atoms, giving each element its specific chemical and physical characteristics
the orbital configuration of the electrons
subatomic particles that carry no charge so the number of neutrons in an atoms nucleus does not affect the number of electrons of their orbital configuration
neutrons
gives an elements average atomic weight beneath the elements chemical symbol
periodic table
when two atoms of the same element have different numbers of neutrons
isotopes
