chemistry colligative properties of solution

Question 1

is a property of solution that is dependent on the ratio between the total number of solute particles to the total number of solvent particles

Answer 1

colligative property

Question 2

are not dependent on the chemical nature of the solutions components

Answer 2

colligative properties

Question 3

_ can be linked to several quantities that express the concentration of a solution such as ,,_.

Answer 3

colligative properties. molarity, normality, molality

Question 4

four colligative properties that can be exhibited by a solution

Answer 4

boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, relative lowering of vapour pressure, osmotic pressure

Question 5

the word _ has been adapted or taken from the latin word _ which translates to _

Answer 5

colligative. colligatus. bound together

Question 6

help us understand how the properties of the solution are linked to the concentration of solute in the solution

Answer 6

colligative properties

Question 7

containing non volatile solute exhibit some properties which depend only on the number of solute particles present and not on the type of solute present

Answer 7

dilute solution

Question 8

are changed by the solute where its particles remove some of the solvent molecules in the liquid phase

Answer 8

solvent properties

Question 9

is dependent on the ratio of solute to solvent molecules in a solution

Answer 9

vapor pressure of electrolyte solutions

Question 10

a simple example of an electrolyte solution is

Answer 10

sodium chloride in water

Question 11

are those in which the solute does not dissociate into ions when dissolved

Answer 11

nonelectrolyte solutions

Question 12

is the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its condensed phase

Answer 12

vapor pressure

Question 13

it is a measure of how much the solvent molecules tend to escape from a liquid or solid phase into the atmosphere

Answer 13

vapor pressure

Question 14

the number of dissolved particles is larger because the solute breaks apart into ions

Answer 14

electrolyte solution

Question 15

the entire surface is occupied by the molecules of the solvent

Answer 15

pure solvent

Question 16

is the vapour pressure of pure solvent

Answer 16

P₀

Question 17

is the vapour pressure of the solution

Answer 17

Ps

Question 18

the difference Po - Ps is termed as

Answer 18

lowering in vapour pressure

Question 19

the ratio Po - Ps / Po is known as the

Answer 19

relative lowering of vapour pressure

Question 20

established a relation between relative lowering in vapour pressure and mole fraction

Answer 20

Raoult in 1886

Question 21

it states that the relative lowering in vapour pressure of a dilute solution is equal to the mole fraction of the solute present in the solution

Answer 21

Raoult’s Law

Question 22

the difference in the boiling point of the solution and the boiling point of the pure solvent is termed as the

Answer 22

elevation in boiling point

Question 23

is the temperature at which the vapour pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure

Answer 23

boiling point of a liquid`

Question 24

kb=

Answer 24

molal elevation constant

Question 25

m₂=

Answer 25

mass of solvent in g

Question 26

M₁=

Answer 26

mass of solvent in kg

Question 27

M₂=

Answer 27

molar mass of solute

Question 28

is defined as the temperature at which the vapour pressure of its liquid is equal to the vapour of the corresponding solid

Answer 28

freezing point of a substance

Question 29

according to _, when a non volile solid is added to the solvent its vapour pressure decreases

Answer 29

Raoult's Law

Question 30

the difference between the freezing point of the pure solvent and its solution is called

Answer 30

depression in freezing point

Question 31

is the boiling point of the pure solvent

Answer 31

T⁰f

Question 32

is the boiling point of the solution

Answer 32

Tf

Question 33

kf=

Answer 33

molal depression constant

Question 34

is placed between a solution and solvent

Answer 34

semipermeable membrane

Question 35

allows only solvent molecules to pass through it but prevents the passage of bigger molecules

Answer 35

semipermeable membrane

Question 36

This phenomenon of the spontaneous flow of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a pure solvent to a solution or from a dilute to a concentrated solution is called

Answer 36

osmosis

Question 37

This pressure that just stops the flow of solvent is called

Answer 37

osmotic pressure of the solution.

Question 38

is a colligative property as it depends on the number of solute present and not on the nature of the solute.

Answer 38

Osmotic pressure

Question 39

is the gas constant.

Answer 39

R

Question 40

is the volume of solution in litres

Answer 40

V

Question 41

osmotic pressure _ is directly proportional to molarity _ and temperature _.

Answer 41

TT, C, T

Question 42

Two solutions having the same osmotic pressure at a given temperature are known as an .

Answer 42

isotonic solution

Question 43

has a lower osmotic pressure than that of the surrounding ie, the concentration of solute particles is less than that of the surrounding.

Answer 43

hypotonic solution

Question 44

has a higher osmotic pressure than that of the surrounding i.e, the concentration of solute particles is more than that of the surrounding.

Answer 44

hypertonic solution

Question 45

method has the advantage over other methods as pressure measurement is around room temperature. It is particularly useful for determination of the molar mass of biomolecules as they are unstable at higher temperatures.

Answer 45

Osmotic pressure

Question 46

It is particularly useful for determination of the molar mass of biomolecules as they are unstable at higher temperatures.

Answer 46

Osmotic pressure

Question 47

The extent of dissociation or association of the solute in a solution can be expressed by a factor called

Answer 47

Van't Hoff.

Question 48

is a homogeneous mixture created by dissolving one or more solutes in a solvent.

Answer 48

solution

Question 49

Solutions with accurately known concentrations can be referred to as

Answer 49

standard (stock) solutions.

Question 50

are frequently diluted to solutions of lesser concentration for experimental use in the laboratory.

Answer 50

Stock solutions

Question 51

volumetric flask (commonly called a ").

Answer 51

vol flask"

Question 52

More solvent is added until the meniscus of the liquid reaches the calibration mark on the neck of the vol flask (a process called "").

Answer 52

diluting to volume

Question 53

is the addition of more solvent to produce a solution of reduced concentration.

Answer 53

Dilution

Question 54

never add _ to concentrated acid

Answer 54

water

Question 55

different solutions

Answer 55

isotonic solution, hypotonic solution, hypertonic solution