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Bio 2 > chapter2425_Plant_Structures > Flashcards

chapter2425_Plant_Structures Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

annual plant

A

live and die within a year

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2
Q

perennial plant

A

live for many years

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3
Q

2 types of perennial plants

A

deciduos and evergreen

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4
Q

deciduous

A

loose leaves in fall

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5
Q

three types of plant tissues

A

epidermal, ground, and vascular

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6
Q

transport is provided by _ tissue

A

vascular

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7
Q

protection is provided by _ tissue

A

epidermal

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8
Q

support & storage is provided by _ tissue

A

ground

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9
Q

periderm

A

outer layer of tissue on roots and stems

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10
Q

root epidermis

A

acidic cells on periderm

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11
Q

stem epidermis

A

cork aka bark

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12
Q

leaves epidermal tissue

A

secretes waxy cuticle

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13
Q

why do leaves have waxy cuticle?

A

protects froms dehydration and repels water

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14
Q

plant body consist mostly of _ tissues

A

ground

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15
Q

parenchyma

A

ground tissue used for juice and starch storage

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16
Q

collenchyma

A

ground tissue that provides flexible support

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17
Q

sclerenchyma

A

ground tissue that provides firm support

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18
Q

types of vascular tissues

A

xylem and phloem

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19
Q

what is the xylem

A

vascular tissue that performs water transport from roots to leaves

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20
Q

what is the phloem

A

vascular tissue that performs sugar transport from leaves to rest of plant

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21
Q

where does primary plant growth occur

A

stem and root tips

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22
Q

primary growth occurs lengthwise or diameter-wise

A

lengthwise

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23
Q

what root cells contribute to primary plant growth

A

root meristem cells

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24
Q

what stem cells contribute to primary plant growth

A

apical meristem cells

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25
Q

define secondary plant growth

A

diameter-wise growth - occurs in woody perennials

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26
Q

what tissue is responsible for secondary plant growth

A

cambian tissue

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27
Q

where is Vascular Cambium located

A

between phloem and xylem

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28
Q

where is Cork, or Bark, Cambium located

A

between bark and cortex tissue, cortex is the photosynthesizing tissue

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29
Q

leaf blade

A

leaf body

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30
Q

leaf veins

A

transport vessels

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31
Q

leaf petiole

A

attaches leaf blade to stem

32
Q

where on leaf are stomata located?

A

epidermis

33
Q

what are stomata housed with on leaf epidermis

A

guard cells

34
Q

what are stoma used for on leaf

A

gas exchange

35
Q

types of internal leaf tissues

A

Palisade Mesophyll cells, ground tissues, Spongy Mesophyll Cells, Vascular Tissues

36
Q

internal leaf ground tissue

A

2 layers of photosynthesizing cells in leaf

37
Q

Palisade Mesophyll Cells

A

tightly packed cells located on top of leaf

38
Q

Spongy Mesophyll Cells

A

not as tightly packed as Palisade, located on bottom of leaf

39
Q

internal leaf vascular tissues

A

located in leaf veins, consist of xylem and phloem

40
Q

internal leaf tissue xylem

A

used for water transport from roots

41
Q

internal leaf tissue phloem

A

used to transport sugars throughout plant

42
Q

monocot stem structures

A

pith, vascular tissue, epidermis

43
Q

monocot stem epidermis

A

green leafy covering of stem

44
Q

monocot stem pith

A

ground tissue that stores starch

45
Q

monocot stem vascular tissue

A

stem Xylem and Phloem

46
Q

annual eudicot stem epidermis

A

green outer covering of stem

47
Q

annual eudicot stem pith

A

ground tissue that stores starch

48
Q

annual eudicot vascular tissue

A

Xylem and Phloem concentric around outside of stem

49
Q

perennial eudicot stem structures

A

cork cambium, cortex, epidermis, phloem, vascular cambium, xylem rings

50
Q

perennial eudicot stem epidermis

A

cork or bark

51
Q

perennial eudicot stem cork cambium role

A

produce bark and cortex cells

52
Q

perennial eudicot stem cortex

A

cells under bark that perform photosynthesis

53
Q

perennial eudicot stem phloem

A

tubes that transport sugar

54
Q

perennial eudicot stem vascular cambium role

A

annually produces new xylem and phloem

55
Q

perennial eudicot stem xylem rings

A

water transport

56
Q

root hair role

A

anchors root, water absorption in soil

57
Q

root meristem

A

site of cell protection

58
Q

root cap role

A

protects root

59
Q

eudicot root epidermis

A

also known as periderm, has root hairs to absorb minerals and water, produces acid for protection from bacteria and fungi

60
Q

root hairs

A

filaments that extend from root epidermis, 95% of plant water and nutrients absorbed through them

61
Q

lateral root structures ground tissues

A

cortex, endodermis, pericycle

62
Q

lateral root cortex

A

used for starch and sugar storage

63
Q

lateral root endodermis

A

filters water for root

64
Q

lateral root pericycle

A

lateral root source

65
Q

phloem use in lateral root

A

trasport of sap and sugar

66
Q

xlyem use in lateral root

A

water transport

67
Q

plant nutrients percent breakdowns

A

Carbon: 45, Oxygen: 45, Hydrogen: 6

68
Q

Plant compounds with C or H or O

A

cellulose, starch, plant oils, nectar, glucose, and juice sugars

69
Q

plant nutrients contain

A

NPK, magnesium, sulfur, calcium; trace amounts of boron, iron, manganese

70
Q

transpiration

A

water transport

71
Q

3 steps of cohesion-tension theory

A

capillary action, osmosis, evaporation

72
Q

what is xylem composed of

A

long tapered cells called tracheids and short pipe pieces -resembling vessel elements, both used for water transport

73
Q

translocation

A

sugar transport

74
Q

sugar transport works according to _

A

Pressure Flow Theory

75
Q

plant enzymes that control sugar transport

A

Auxin and Gibberellins

76
Q

active sugar transport occurs through _ tissue

A

phloem

77
Q

Phloem is composed of

A

Companion cells and Sieve tubes

Bio 2 (17 decks)

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