chapter twenty

Question 1

budding or cell division of ______ organisms makes ______ clones of the parent

Answer 1

unicellular, identical

Question 2

sexual reproduction mixes the genetic information of _____ individuals, making a genetically ____ individual

Answer 2

two, unique

Question 3

organisms are typically _____, each cell have _ sets of chromosomes (paternal and maternal)

Answer 3

diploid (2n) , 2

Question 4

gametes are _____

Answer 4

haploid

Question 5

_____ _____ are in effect used to carry and propogate the germ line (gametes)

Answer 5

somatic cells

Question 6

_______ produces the gametes that combine in a new zygote, which divides producing ___ ____ and the ___ ___

Answer 6

meiosis, somatic cells and the germ line

Question 7

variants of a gene called _____ are found in a population of individuals

Answer 7

alleles

Question 8

involves one round of DNA replication followed by two rounds of cell division

Answer 8

meiosis

Question 9

cell division in germ line

Answer 9

meiosis

Question 10

meiosis ends in ___ ___ ___

Answer 10

4 haploid cells

Question 11

mitosis ends in ___ ____ ___

Answer 11

two diploid cells

Question 12

pairing of homologous chromosomes in meiosis produces a structure called a _______

Answer 12

bivalent

Question 13

all four sister chromatid associate together in a _____ _____

Answer 13

synaptonernal complex

Question 14

within _____ homologous recombination occurs

Answer 14

bivalents

Question 15

____ _____ mixes alleles and produces genetic variation

Answer 15

homologous recombination

Question 16

crossover events produce a ______

Answer 16

chiasma

Question 17

_______ must be resolved before segregation of the maternal and paternal chromatid pairs

Answer 17

chiasmata

Question 18

homologous recombination happens when

Answer 18

meiosis I