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A&P > chapter 9 > Flashcards

chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

prime movers

A

provide most of the force for a specific movement

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2
Q

4 functional groups of skeletal muscles

A

prime movers
antagonists
synergists
fixators

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3
Q

antagonists

A

oppose or reverse a particular movement

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4
Q

synergists

A

add force to a movement or reduce undesirable or unnecessary movement

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5
Q

fixators

A

synergists that immobilize a bone or muscles origin

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6
Q

function of the frontalis

A

wrinkles/ elevates forehead and eyebrows

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7
Q

function of orbicularis oculi

A

closes eyelids

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8
Q

function of orbicularis oris

A

closes and purses lips

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9
Q

which muscle flares the nostrils?

A

nasalis

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10
Q

which muscle depresses corner of mouth

A

depressor anguli oris

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11
Q

muscle that elevates upper lip

A

levator labii superioris

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12
Q

function of the masseter

A

elevates mandible

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13
Q

muscles that wrinkles chin

A

mentalis

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14
Q

muscle that depresses the lip

A

depressor labii inferioiris

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15
Q

muscle that compresses cheek to keep food between the teeth

A

buccinator

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16
Q

muscle that elevates lateral corner of mouth

A

zygomaticus major

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17
Q

muscle that elevates and retractes mandible

A

temporalis

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18
Q

muscle that draws corner of lip laterally

A

risorius

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19
Q

function of medial pterygoid

A

elevates, protracts, and laterally moves mandible

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20
Q

muscle that protracts and laterally moves the mandible

A

lateral pterygoid

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21
Q

muscle that tense skin of neck and depresses mandible

A

platysma

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22
Q

origin of frontalis

A

galea aponeurotica

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23
Q

origin of orbicularis oculi

A

bones of orbit

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24
Q

muscles that flexes the neck and rotates the head to opposites sides

A

sternocleidomastoid

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25
Q

what is the origin of the nasalis?

A

maxilla

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26
Q

origin of the orbicularis oris

A

maxilla and mandible

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27
Q

origin of the levator labii superioris

A

upper maxilla

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28
Q

origin of risorius

A

zygomatic arch

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29
Q

origin of zygomaticus major

A

zygomatic bone

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30
Q

origin of masseter

A

zygomatic arch

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31
Q

origin of temporalis

A

temporal fossa

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32
Q

origin of both medial and lateral pterygoid

A

sphenoid bone

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33
Q

origin of buccinator

A

maxilla and mandible

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34
Q

origin of mentalis

A

mandible

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35
Q

origin of depressor labii inferioris

A

mandible

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36
Q

origin of the depressor anguli oris

A

mandible

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37
Q

origin of platysma

A

fascia of chest

38
Q

insertion of frontalis

A

skin of forehead and eyebrows

39
Q

insertion of orbicularis oculi

A

tissue of eyelid, tarsal plate

40
Q

insertion of nasalis

A

nasal cartilages

41
Q

insertion of oricularis oris

A

lips

42
Q

insertion of levator labii superioris

A

orbicular oris and skin of upper lip

43
Q

all muscles of facial expression are innervated by what?

A

the facial nerve (nerve VII)

44
Q

insertion of zygomaticus major

A

skin and muscle at corner of mouth

45
Q

insertion of risorius

A

skin at corner of mouth

46
Q

insertion of depressor anguli oris

A

inferior corner of orbicular oris

47
Q

insertion of depressor labii inferioris

A

inferior corner of orbicular oris

48
Q

insertion of mentalis

A

skin of lower lip

49
Q

insertion of buccinator

A

orbicularis oris at angle of mouth

50
Q

insertion of platysma

A

lower margin of mandible, skin and muscle at corner of mouth

51
Q

insertion of the temporalis

A

coronoid process of mandible

52
Q

insertion of masseter

A

lateral ramus of mandible

53
Q

insertion of medial pterygoid

A

medial ramus of mandible

54
Q

insertion of lateral pterygoid

A

condylar process of mandible

55
Q

insertion of the sternocleidomastoid

A

mastoid process

56
Q

origin of the sternocleidomastoid?

A

sternum and clavicle

57
Q

function of the digastric

A

depresses mandible and elevates hyoid bone

58
Q

function of the stylohyoid

A

elevates and retracts hyoid bone

59
Q

function of mylohyoid

A

elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth

60
Q

function of geniohyoid

A

elevates hyoid bone

61
Q

suprahyoid muscles

A

digastric
stylohyoid
mylohyoid
geniohyoid

62
Q

purpose of suprahyoid muscles

A

swallowing

63
Q

infrahyoid muscles

A

sternohyoid
sternothyroid
omohyoid
thyrohyoid

64
Q

what is the prime mover for flexion of the neck?

A

sternocleidomastoid

65
Q

prime movers for jaw closure

A

masseter and temporalis

66
Q

prime mover for neck and back extension + lateral bending of the spine

A

erector spinae

67
Q

muscles of rotator cuff

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

68
Q

what is the primary function of the deep muscles of the thorax?

A

to assist in respiration

69
Q

what is the most important muscle for inspiration?

A

the diaphragm

70
Q

what is another word for the pelvic floor?

A

diaphragm

71
Q

muscles that contract during forced expiration

A

internal intercostals

72
Q

2 muscles that make up the pelvic diaphragm

A

levator ani

coccygeus

73
Q

muscles that contract during inspiration

A

external intercostals

74
Q

muscles that elevates the scapula

A

trapezius

levator scapulae

75
Q

prime mover for protraction of the scapula

A

serratus anterior

76
Q

muscles that retract the scapula

A

trapezius and rhomboids

77
Q

muscles that rotate the scapula upwards

A

serratus anterior

trapezius

78
Q

functions of the trapezius

A

elevates, retracts, rotates, and stabilizes scapula

hyperextends neck and braces shoulder

79
Q

which muscles are synergists to head flexion?

A

suprahyoid and infrahyoid

80
Q

what is the function of the superficial muscles of the thorax?

A

to fix the shoulder girdle

81
Q

muscles that depresses the clavicle

A

subclavius

82
Q

origin of the trapezius

A

occipital bone and spines of cervical and thoracic vertebrae

83
Q

insertion of the trapezius

A

clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

84
Q

function of the pectoralis major

A

flexes, adducts, and rotates shoulder medially

85
Q

insertion of pectoralis major

A

greater tubercle of humerus

86
Q

origin of pectoralis major

A

clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilages 2-6

87
Q

function of the scalene muscles

A

lateral flexion of the head

88
Q

function of the splenius muscles

A

head extension, rotation, and lateral bending to the same side

89
Q

function of the external obique

A

flexes and compresses abdomen, lateral rotation to opposite side

90
Q

function of the internal oblique

A

flexes and compresses abdomen, lateral rotation to same side

91
Q

function of the transversus abdominis

A

compresses abdomen

92
Q

function of the rectus abdominis

A

flexes vertebral column

A&P (25 decks)

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