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A&P > chapter 9 > Flashcards

chapter 9 Flashcards

1
Q

prime movers

A

provide most of the force for a specific movement

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2
Q

4 functional groups of skeletal muscles

A

prime movers
antagonists
synergists
fixators

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3
Q

antagonists

A

oppose or reverse a particular movement

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4
Q

synergists

A

add force to a movement or reduce undesirable or unnecessary movement

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5
Q

fixators

A

synergists that immobilize a bone or muscles origin

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6
Q

function of the frontalis

A

wrinkles/ elevates forehead and eyebrows

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7
Q

function of orbicularis oculi

A

closes eyelids

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8
Q

function of orbicularis oris

A

closes and purses lips

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9
Q

which muscle flares the nostrils?

A

nasalis

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10
Q

which muscle depresses corner of mouth

A

depressor anguli oris

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11
Q

muscle that elevates upper lip

A

levator labii superioris

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12
Q

function of the masseter

A

elevates mandible

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13
Q

muscles that wrinkles chin

A

mentalis

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14
Q

muscle that depresses the lip

A

depressor labii inferioiris

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15
Q

muscle that compresses cheek to keep food between the teeth

A

buccinator

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16
Q

muscle that elevates lateral corner of mouth

A

zygomaticus major

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17
Q

muscle that elevates and retractes mandible

A

temporalis

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18
Q

muscle that draws corner of lip laterally

A

risorius

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19
Q

function of medial pterygoid

A

elevates, protracts, and laterally moves mandible

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20
Q

muscle that protracts and laterally moves the mandible

A

lateral pterygoid

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21
Q

muscle that tense skin of neck and depresses mandible

A

platysma

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22
Q

origin of frontalis

A

galea aponeurotica

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23
Q

origin of orbicularis oculi

A

bones of orbit

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24
Q

muscles that flexes the neck and rotates the head to opposites sides

A

sternocleidomastoid

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25
what is the origin of the nasalis?
maxilla
26
origin of the orbicularis oris
maxilla and mandible
27
origin of the levator labii superioris
upper maxilla
28
origin of risorius
zygomatic arch
29
origin of zygomaticus major
zygomatic bone
30
origin of masseter
zygomatic arch
31
origin of temporalis
temporal fossa
32
origin of both medial and lateral pterygoid
sphenoid bone
33
origin of buccinator
maxilla and mandible
34
origin of mentalis
mandible
35
origin of depressor labii inferioris
mandible
36
origin of the depressor anguli oris
mandible
37
origin of platysma
fascia of chest
38
insertion of frontalis
skin of forehead and eyebrows
39
insertion of orbicularis oculi
tissue of eyelid, tarsal plate
40
insertion of nasalis
nasal cartilages
41
insertion of oricularis oris
lips
42
insertion of levator labii superioris
orbicular oris and skin of upper lip
43
all muscles of facial expression are innervated by what?
the facial nerve (nerve VII)
44
insertion of zygomaticus major
skin and muscle at corner of mouth
45
insertion of risorius
skin at corner of mouth
46
insertion of depressor anguli oris
inferior corner of orbicular oris
47
insertion of depressor labii inferioris
inferior corner of orbicular oris
48
insertion of mentalis
skin of lower lip
49
insertion of buccinator
orbicularis oris at angle of mouth
50
insertion of platysma
lower margin of mandible, skin and muscle at corner of mouth
51
insertion of the temporalis
coronoid process of mandible
52
insertion of masseter
lateral ramus of mandible
53
insertion of medial pterygoid
medial ramus of mandible
54
insertion of lateral pterygoid
condylar process of mandible
55
insertion of the sternocleidomastoid
mastoid process
56
origin of the sternocleidomastoid?
sternum and clavicle
57
function of the digastric
depresses mandible and elevates hyoid bone
58
function of the stylohyoid
elevates and retracts hyoid bone
59
function of mylohyoid
elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth
60
function of geniohyoid
elevates hyoid bone
61
suprahyoid muscles
digastric stylohyoid mylohyoid geniohyoid
62
purpose of suprahyoid muscles
swallowing
63
infrahyoid muscles
sternohyoid sternothyroid omohyoid thyrohyoid
64
what is the prime mover for flexion of the neck?
sternocleidomastoid
65
prime movers for jaw closure
masseter and temporalis
66
prime mover for neck and back extension + lateral bending of the spine
erector spinae
67
muscles of rotator cuff
supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor subscapularis
68
what is the primary function of the deep muscles of the thorax?
to assist in respiration
69
what is the most important muscle for inspiration?
the diaphragm
70
what is another word for the pelvic floor?
diaphragm
71
muscles that contract during forced expiration
internal intercostals
72
2 muscles that make up the pelvic diaphragm
levator ani | coccygeus
73
muscles that contract during inspiration
external intercostals
74
muscles that elevates the scapula
trapezius | levator scapulae
75
prime mover for protraction of the scapula
serratus anterior
76
muscles that retract the scapula
trapezius and rhomboids
77
muscles that rotate the scapula upwards
serratus anterior | trapezius
78
functions of the trapezius
elevates, retracts, rotates, and stabilizes scapula | hyperextends neck and braces shoulder
79
which muscles are synergists to head flexion?
suprahyoid and infrahyoid
80
what is the function of the superficial muscles of the thorax?
to fix the shoulder girdle
81
muscles that depresses the clavicle
subclavius
82
origin of the trapezius
occipital bone and spines of cervical and thoracic vertebrae
83
insertion of the trapezius
clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
84
function of the pectoralis major
flexes, adducts, and rotates shoulder medially
85
insertion of pectoralis major
greater tubercle of humerus
86
origin of pectoralis major
clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilages 2-6
87
function of the scalene muscles
lateral flexion of the head
88
function of the splenius muscles
head extension, rotation, and lateral bending to the same side
89
function of the external obique
flexes and compresses abdomen, lateral rotation to opposite side
90
function of the internal oblique
flexes and compresses abdomen, lateral rotation to same side
91
function of the transversus abdominis
compresses abdomen
92
function of the rectus abdominis
flexes vertebral column

A&P (25 decks)

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