Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

functional classfication is based on what?

A

the amount of movement allowed by the joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

synarthroses

A

immovable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

amphiarthroses

A

slightly movable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

diarthroses

A

freely moveable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Articulation

A

site where two or more bones meet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

3 structural classfications

A

Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Syndesmoses

type of fibrous joint

A

Bones connected by ligaments (bands of fibrous tissue);

movement varies from immovable to slightly movable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Gomphoses

type of fibrous joint

A

Peg-in-socket joints of teeth in alveolar sockets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Synchondroses

type of cartilaginous joint

A

A bar or plate of hyalinecartilage unites the bones; all are synarthrotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the 2 types of cartilaginous joints

no joint cavity

A

Synchondroses

Symphyses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Symphyses

type of cartilaginous joint

A

Hyaline cartilage covers the articulating surfaces and is fused to an intervening pad of fibrocartilage; strong, flexible amphiarthroses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q 
synovial joints
(description)
A

all are diarthrotic
most joints of the body
all limb joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the outer fibrous capsule in a synovial joint is made of what tissue?

A

dense irregular connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the inner synovial membrane is made of what tissue?

A

loose connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

function of the Synovial fluid

A

lubricates and nourishes articular cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

bursae

A

Flattened, fibrous sacs lined with synovial membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Tendon sheath

A

Elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

stabilizing factors at synovial joints

A

shapes of articular surfaces
ligament number and location
muscle tone - main factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Origin

A

attachment to the immovable bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Insertion

A

attachment to the movable bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

synovial joints categorized by range of motion

A

nonaxial
uniaxial
biaxial
multiaxial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Nonaxial

A

slipping movements only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Uniaxial

A

movement in one plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Biaxial

A

movement in two planes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Multiaxial
movement in or around all three planes
26
gliding movements
one flat bone surface glides or slips over another similar surface
27
Angular Movements
Increase or decrease the angle between the articulating bones
28
flexion
decreases the angle of the joint
29
elevation
lifting a body part superiorly
30
depression
moving a body part inferiorly
31
opposition
movement in the saddle joint so that the thumb touches the tips of the other fingers
32
rotation
turning of a bone around its own long axis
33
pronation
turning the hand forward
34
supination
turning the hand backward
35
circumduction
flexion + abduction + extension + adduction of a limb to describe a cone in space
36
Types of Synovial joints
``` Ball-and-Socket joints Hinge joints saddle joints Pivot joints condyloid Plane joints ```
37
plane joint
have flat articular surfaces | nonaxial
38
hinge joints
uniaxial | allow flexion and extension only
39
Pivot joints
rounded edge of bone surrounded by a sleeve or ring of another bone uniaxial
40
condyloid or ellipsoidal joints
e articular surfaces of all joint-forming are oval | biaxial
41
saddle joints
biaxial | both articular surfaces have concave and convex areas
42
Ball-and-Socket joints
most freely movable multiaxial shoulder and hip joints.
43
subluxation
partial dislocation of a joint
44
Tendonitis
Inflammation of tendon sheaths typically caused by overuse
45
chronic forms of arthritis
osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gouty arthritis
46
Sutures | type of fibrous joint
rigid interlocking joints containing short connective tissue fibers
47
3 possible types of reinforcing ligaments in synovial joints
capsular or intrinsic extracapsular ligaments intracapsular ligaments
48
what is another word for a condyloid joint?
ellipsoidal
49
which ligament holds the teeth in place?
periodontal ligament
50
Abduction
movement away from the midline
51
adduction
movement toward the midline
52
plantar flexion
downward movement of the foot
53
inversion
turning the sole of the foot medially
54
eversion
turning the sole of the foot laterally
55
protraction
anterior movement of a body part in the horizontal plane
56
retraction
posterior movement of a body part in the horizontal plane
57
fibrous joints are joined by what type of tissue?
dense fibrous connective tissue
58
what is articular cartilage made of?
hyaline cartilage
59
what are ossified sutures called?
synostoses
60
which type of joints have a rich nerve and blood supply
synovial joints
61
intracapsular ligaments
run deep in the capsule | covered by synovial membrane
62
extracapsular ligaments
run outside the capsule | insert into the periosteum of the joint-forming bones
63
capsular or intrinsic ligaments
are part of the capsule
64
what part of the body is the glenohumeral joint?
the shoulder
65
what kind of axial joint is the shoulder
multiaxial
66
what is the hip joint called?
the coxal joint
67
tendonitis
inflammation of tendon sheaths typically caused by overuse
68
what causes acute forms of arthritis?
bacteria
69
Bursitis
inflammation of a bursa, usually caused by a blow or friction
70
how is bursitis treated?
with rest and ice
71
subluxation
partial dislocation of a joint
72
dislocations
when bones are forced out of alignment | accompained by sprains, inflammation, and joint immobilization
73
what causes cartilage tears?
compression and shear stress
74
how are cartilage tears repaired
with arthroscopic surgury
75
sprains
ligaments are stretched or torn
76
what is the jaw joint called
the temporomandibular joint
77
why are intracellular ligaments in the knee joint called cruciate ligaments?
because they cross each other's path when looked at from the front
78
where is the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) located?
stretches from the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial side of the lateral condyle of the femur.
79
where is the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) located?
stretches from the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the lateral side of the medial condyle of the femur
80
what is the function of the ACL
to prevent forward sliding of the tibia against the femur and hyperextension of the knee joint
81
what is the function of the PCL
to prevent backward sliding of the tibia or forward sliding of the femur
82
what reduces friction in joints?
bursae and synovial fluid
83
what does synovial fluid consist of?
a viscous filtrate of plasma and hyaluranic acid
84
what type of joint is the knee?
modified hinge joint
85
what type of joint is the hip?
multiaxial ball and socket joint
86
what is a fibrous joint connected by ligaments?
syndesmosis
87
Which 4 tendons form the rotatar cuff?
subscapularis supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor muscles
88
What are the stabilizers in the glenohumeral joint?
the rotatar cuff and the tendon of the long head of the biceps muscle
89
what stabilizes the elbow joint?
ulnar and radial collateral ligaments | + biceps and triceps tendons
90
what stabilizes the position of the patella and prevents dislocation?
the lateral and medial patellar retinacula
91
which joint is the only joint with 3 types of ligaments?
knee
92
what gives bone tissue its hardness and ability to withstand compression and pressure?
mineral salts

A&P (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions