chapter 11

Question 1

gyri

Answer 1

ridges on the brains

Question 2

sulci

Answer 2

grooves on the brain

Question 3

fissures

Answer 3

deep grooves on the brain

Question 4

central sulcus

Answer 4

separates the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe and the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe

Question 5

longitudinal fissure

Answer 5

separatees the two hemispheres

Question 6

transverse cerebral fissure

Answer 6

separates the cerebrum and the cerebellum

Question 7

4 main regions of the brain

Answer 7

cerebral hemispheres
diencephalon
brain stem
cerebellum

Question 8

4 fluid ventricles of the brain

Answer 8

2- lateral ventricles in cerebral hemispheres

• in diencephalon
• dorsal to the pons

Question 9

what is white matter composed of?

Answer 9

myelinated fiber tracts

Question 10

3 functional areas of the cerebrum

Answer 10

sensory areas
association areas
motor areas

Question 11

what area is responsible for voluntary eye movement?

Answer 11

frontal eye field of the cerebrum

Question 12

4 motor areas of the cerebrum

Answer 12

primary or somatic motor cortex
premotor cortex
Broca’s area
frontal eye field

Question 13

area responsible for speech

Answer 13

Broca’s area

Question 14

the 5 lobes of the cerebral hemispheres

Answer 14

frontal 
parietal
temporal
occipital
insula

Question 15

where is the insula lobe located?

Answer 15

hidden under the temporal lobe

Question 16

what makes up 80% of the diencphalon

Answer 16

thalamus

Question 17

area in charge of balance

Answer 17

vestibular cortex

Question 18

region responsible for taste?

Answer 18

gustatory cortex

Question 19

region responsible for smell

Answer 19

olfactory cortex

Question 20

which gland produces melatonin?

Answer 20

pineal gland

Question 21

3 parts of the brain stem

Answer 21

medulla oblongata
pons
midbrain

Question 22

hypothalamus

Answer 22

center for emotional response and autonomic control center

Question 23

area responsible for language interpretation?

Answer 23

wernicke’s area

Question 24

which area is responsible for giving the feeling of a full bladder?

Answer 24

visceral sensory area

Question 25

the distinctive tree-like pattern of the cerebellar white matter

Answer 25

arbor vitae

Question 26

what is important for keeping alertness?

Answer 26

reticular formation

Question 27

what types of fibers are in transvers tracts?

Answer 27

commissural fibers

Question 28

what connects gray matter of the 2 hemispheres?

Answer 28

commissures

Question 29

what connects different parts of the same hemisphere?

Answer 29

associate fibers

Question 30

what does the corpus stratium consist of?

Answer 30

caudate nucleus and lenitform nucleus

Question 31

Factors which influence the transfer of information from the STM to LTM

Answer 31

emotional state rehearsal association

Question 32

what regulates how deep asleep we are?

Answer 32

reticular activating system

Question 33

what do descending pathways do?

Answer 33

conduct efferent impulses from the brain to the spinal cord

Question 34

what substances are allowed to pass through the blood-brain barrier

Answer 34

any fat soluble substances

Question 35

what is between the vertebrae and spinal dura mater?

Answer 35

cushion of fat + a network of veins in the epidural space

Question 36

where is muscle memory located?

Answer 36

premotor cortex

Question 37

which important survival centers does the medulla oblongata control?

Answer 37

cardiovascular respiratory additional

Question 38

where are astrocytes absent?

Answer 38

areas where the brain monitors the chemical composition of the blood

Question 39

meninges

Answer 39

membranes that cover and protect the brain and blood vessels

Question 40

function of the cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 40

to allow the CNS to float in it, to protect it from mechanical stress and trauma to nourish the brain

Question 41

what produces CSF?

Answer 41

choroid plexuses

Question 42

what protects the spinal cord?

Answer 42

the vertebrae, meninges, and CSF

Question 43

what area provides emotional impact that helps establish memories?

Answer 43

limbic association area

Question 44

extensions of the pia mater that secure the cord to the dura mater and protect it from moving around when the spine moces

Answer 44

denticulate ligaments

Question 45

location of FEF

Answer 45

anterior to premotor cortex

Question 46

location of gustatory cortex

Answer 46

insula

Question 47

location of olfactory cortex

Answer 47

piriform lobe of temporal lobe

Question 48

location of vestibular cortex

Answer 48

insula

Question 49

location of visceral sensory area

Answer 49

posterior to gustatory cortex

Question 50

what ascending pathways do

Answer 50

connect the spinal cord with higher areas as well as cerebellum, brain stem, and diencephalon

Question 51

anterior or ventral horns of the spinal cord

Answer 51

send axons to voluntary skeletal muscles

Question 52

posterior or dorsal horns of the spinal cord

Answer 52

receive visceral and somatic sensory imput

Question 53

lateral horns

Answer 53

thoracic and lumbar regions only | contain motor neurons of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 54

protects brain from harmful substances

Answer 54

blood-brain barrier

Question 55

helps maintain consciousness

Answer 55

recticular activating system

Question 56

thalamus

Answer 56

sorts edits and relays information