Chapter 16

Question 1

Reflexes of the ANS

Answer 1

Visceral reflexes

Question 2

2 neurons of efferent pathways

Answer 2

Preganglionic neurons

Ganglionic neurons

Question 3

2 divisions of the ANS

Answer 3

Parasympathetic division

Sympathetic division

Question 4

Another name for parasympathetic system

Answer 4

Rest-and-Relax division

Question 5

Another name for the sympathetic division

Answer 5

Fight-or-flight division

Question 6

What forms the sympathetic trunk?

Answer 6

23 paravertebral ganglia

Question 7

function of the Rest-and-Relaxation division

Answer 7

• lowers Blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rates

- increase Gastrointestinal tract activity

Question 8

function of the “fight-or-flight” system

Answer 8

increases heart and respiratory rates, but inhibits digestion and elimination

Question 9

structure of Preganglionic neurons

Answer 9

has a thin, lightly myelinated preganglionic axon

Question 10

structure of Ganglionic neuron

Answer 10

has an unmyelinated postganglionic axon that extends to the effector organ

Question 11

locations of the 23 paravertebral ganglia

Answer 11

3 cervical
11 thoracic
4 lumbar
4 sacral
1 coccygeal

Question 12

which neurons produce the lateral horns of the spinal cord?

Answer 12

sympathetic neurons

Question 13

what does the ANS control?

Answer 13

smooth and cardiac muscle and glands

Question 14

which neurons release ACH?

Answer 14

parasympathetic postganglionic neurons

Question 15

where 90% of parasympathetic fibers are located

Answer 15

in cranial nerve X (vagus nerve)

Question 16

two types of adrenergic receptors

Answer 16

alpha and beta

Question 17

where are nicotinic receptors located?

Answer 17

Motor end plates of skeletal muscle cells

Question 18

where are muscarinic receptors located?

Answer 18

on all effector cells stimulated by postganglionic cholinergic fibers

Question 19

activation of nicotinic receptors leads to what?

Answer 19

ALWAYS stimulation

Question 20

2 types of Cholinergic receptors

Answer 20

Nicotinic

Muscarinic

Question 21

which system controls body temperature regulation?

Answer 21

sympathetic nervous system

Question 22

the main integration center for the ANS

Answer 22

hypothalamus

Question 23

the structures that exhibit vasomotor tone are under control of which system?

Answer 23

sympathetic

Question 24

where is epinephrine released from?

Answer 24

the adrenal medulla into the blood

Question 25

which system increases mental activity?

Answer 25

sympathetic system

Question 26

which hormone excites nicotinic receptors?

Answer 26

ACH

Question 27

which fibers release norepinephrine

Answer 27

postganglionic sympathetic fibers

Question 28

erection is a reflex of what system?

Answer 28

parasympathetic

Question 29

b2

Answer 29

dialates blood vessels and bronchi in the lungs

Question 30

b3

Answer 30

stimulates fat break down

Question 31

term for the breakdown of fat

Answer 31

lipolysis