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US History > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

one of the most important periods in the history of American politics

A

Jeffersonian Era

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2
Q

two pf Jefferson’s chief advisors and policymakers who encouraged policies of moderation

A

James Madison
Albert Gallatin

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3
Q

a Swiss immigrant who was one of AMerica’s best financiers and served as Jefferson’s secretary of the treasury

A

Albert Gallatin

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4
Q

Jeffersonian customs

A

believed in education
got rid of stuffy state dinners
respected everyone
didn’t give messages to Congress personally

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5
Q

two institutions that Congress (aka Jefferson) set up on the west bank of the Hudson River in New York

A

Congressional Library
West Point (military academy)

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6
Q

the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court appointed by John Adams who set important precedents for the federal judicial system

A

John Marshall

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7
Q

one of Marshall’s earliest and most important decisions was the case of

A

Marbury v. Madison

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8
Q

one of Adam’s appointees who appealed to the Supreme Court for a legal writ ordering the new secretary of state, James Madison, to deliver his commission

A

William Marbury

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9
Q

why did Marshall say that they could not help Marbury?

A

because his request was based on an unconstitutional clause in the Judiciary Act of 1789

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10
Q

the first time that the Supreme Court has declared an act of Congress unconstitutional

A

Marbury v Madison

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11
Q

what precedent did Marshall establish with the Marbury v Madison verdict?

A

Supreme Court could nullify any act of Congress not in keeping with the Constitution

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12
Q

phrase used to best illustrate Jefferson’s idea of informality

A

Republican simplicity

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13
Q

Jefferson’s minister to France

A

Robert Livingston

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14
Q

who Jefferson sent to assist Livingston the negotiation to buy New Orleans for between $2-10 million

A

James Monroe

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15
Q

which political side opposed the buying of Louisiana

A

Federalists (loose constructionists arguing for strict construction in the instance)

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16
Q

which political side were for the buying of Louisiana

A

Republicans (strict constructionists promoting loose construction in this instance)

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17
Q

year the Louisiana purchase became official

A

1803

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18
Q

price of Louisiana

A

$15 million

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19
Q

amount of the $15 million that went to France

A

3/4 (the other went towards lawsuits against the French)

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20
Q

the greatest real estate deal in American history

A

Louisiana Purchase

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21
Q

two men that Jefferson commissioned to explore the new territory

A

Merriweather Lewis (Jefferson’s secretary)
William Clark

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22
Q

the number of men in the Lew and Clark company

A

50 (hunters, blacksmiths, boatwrights, gunsmiths, carpenters, cooks, soldiers, and several Frenchies)

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23
Q

name of the keelboat used by Lewis and Clark

A

Discovery

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24
Q

where the Lewis and Clark company spent the winter of 1804

A

with the Mandan Indians

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25
Q

the Shoshoni squaw who accompanied Lewis and Clark and served as interpreter and guide

A

Sacagawea

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26
Q

what separated the rivers flowing east toward the Atlantic from those flowing west toward the Pacific

A

Great Divide

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27
Q

explored part of the Louisiana territory and then ventured on into the American Southwest

A

Zebulon Pike

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28
Q

a peak in the Colorado Rockies discovered by Pike

A

Pike’s Peak

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29
Q

the high point of an extremely popular first administration for Jefferson

A

Louisiana Purchase

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30
Q

Vice President during Jefferson’s first tern who had become extremely unpopular among the Republicans

A

Aaron Burr

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31
Q

Burr’s plans to build a Western empire

A

Burr’s Conspiracy

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32
Q

the ruler of _________ tried to increase the tribute American paid for safe ship travel in the Mediterranean

A

Tripoli (modern-day Libya)

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33
Q

did Jefferson give Tripoli more tribute?

A

no; Tripoli declared war on the States

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34
Q

the best-known hero of the Tripolitan War (1801-1805)

A

Stephen Decatur

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35
Q

what was proved in the Tripolitan War?

A

the United States proved she was willing to fight for her rights when challenged

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36
Q

true/false: the Tripolitan war ended the payment of tribute to other Barbary States

A

false

37
Q

who helped Burr raise a militia to build empire

A

General John Wilkinson

38
Q

Burr was found ______________ of treason

A

not guilty (no evidence)

39
Q

who got cold feet and turned in Burr

A

Wilkinson

40
Q

British admiral who heroically defeated the French navy at the Battle of Trafalgar

A

Lord Nelson

41
Q

issued by England which prohibited neutral ships from entering any European ports under Napoleon’s control unless they first entered a British port

A

orders i,n council

42
Q

the two most important of the decrees issued by Napoleon in response to the orders in council which cut off all neutral trade with Great Britain and made neutral ships attempting to enter British ports subject to seizure by French authorities, catching American shippers in the crossfire

A

Berlin and Milan decrees

43
Q

England’s forcing British sailors into the Royal Navy

A

impressed

44
Q

when a British warship, Leopard, stopped American warship Chesapeake searching for deserters and ended up firing upon it, taking Americans that said were deserter, killing and wounding others

A

Chesapeake Affair

45
Q

act which Jefferson convinced Congress to pass to prohibit American exports

A

Embargo Act -1807

46
Q

fourth President of the US

A

James Madison

47
Q

forbade trade with England and France but reopened American commerce with the rest of the world

replaced the Embargo Act

A

Non-Intercourse Act

48
Q

bill that provided for the reopening of trade with all nations, stating that if either England or France would cease to violate the neutral commerce of the Unted States, America would reinstitute a no-trade policy against the other.

A

Macon Bill

49
Q

true/false: Jefferson asked Congress to repeal the Embargo Act

A

True

50
Q

two of the young stateman who had a vision and a faith that America would expand and become a great nation respected bu the world

A

Henry Clay of Kentucky
John C. Calhoun

51
Q

because they insisted that AMerica must defend her honor by going to war with Great Britain, these young statesmen were dubbed

A

“War Hawkes”

52
Q

a Shawnee medicine man that began to encourage the Indians to remove all white influence from their culture

A

the Prophet

53
Q

the Shawnee chief who was the brother of the Prophet who traveled from present-day Wisconsin to West Florida, convincing tribes to join in a confederacy to drive the whites from their land

A

Tecumseh

54
Q

the governor of the Indian Territory who set out with a force of troops to destroy the Indian settlement

A

William Henry Harrison

55
Q

largely crushed the Indian confederacy, but individual tribes continued to make bloody raids on white settlements along the western frontier

A

Battle of Tippecanoe

56
Q

Madison’s four basic reasons for going to war with Britain:

A
  1. impressment of American seaman
  2. violation of American rights within American territorial waters
  3. violation of America’s neutral trade rights by orders in council
  4. stirring of frontier Indians
57
Q

ran against Madison in 1812

A

DeWitt Clinton

58
Q

won the election of 1812

A

Madison

59
Q

some of the reasons that financing the War of 1812 was problematic

A

bank charter expired
halt in foreign trade
refusal of loans

60
Q

city surrendered by American General Hull to the British almost without firing a shot in August 1812

A

Detroit

61
Q

fort Indians took on the present site of Chicago and massacred their captives

A

Fort Dearborn

62
Q

a group of Americans under who built their own fleet out of wood hewn from a nearby forest and attacked a superior British squadron on Lake Erie

A

Captain Oliver Perry

63
Q

Perry’s famous words to General Harrison in his report of the British defeat

A

“We have met the enemy and they are ours”

64
Q

proved to be the most important naval engagements on the Great Lakes during the war

A

Battle of Lake Erie

65
Q

his death at the battle of the Thames brought total collapse to the Indian confederacy

A

Tecumseh

66
Q

the battle where Tecumseh died

A

Battle of the Thames

67
Q

battle that forced the American withdraw from Canada

A

Lundy’s Lane

68
Q

the ship under the command of Isaac Hull that defeated and destroyed the HMS Guerriere in the mid Atlantic only two months after war had been declared

A

USS Constitution

69
Q

the ship that defeated HMS Macedonia

A

USS United States

70
Q

ship that destroyed the Java

A

USS Constitution

71
Q

as a result of the victory against the Brazilian ship Java, the Constitution won the title

A

“Old Ironsides”

72
Q

the dying words of Chesapeake’s captain James Lawrence that became the rallying cry of the US Navy

A

Don’t give up the ship!

73
Q

after burning the White House, the British fleet sailed up the Chesapeake to attack ______________, where they met fierce resistance

A

Baltimore

74
Q

a strategic fort which guarded the entrance to Baltimore’s harbor in which the British fleet failed to destroy and gave up and left the Chesapeake Bay

A

Fort McHenry

75
Q

Washington lawyer who wrote “Star-Spangled Banner” while aboard a British ship

A

Francis Scott Key

76
Q

war/battle in which the “Star-Spangled Banner” was written

A

War of 1812/bombardment on Fort McHenry

77
Q

a tough frontiersman who was put in charge of an army of volunteers

A

Andrew Jackson

78
Q

Jackson decisively defeated the Creek Indians at the ______________________

A

Battle of Horseshoe Bend

79
Q

Jackson’s experience, determination, and respect he commanded from his men earned him the name

A

Old Hickory

80
Q

famous Frenchman that led a band of pirates who accompanied Jackson’s army of tough frontiersmen

A

Jean Laffite

81
Q

who took command of a point five miles south of New Orleans with the Mississippi River on one side and an impenetrable cypress swamp on the other

A

Jean Laffite and pirates
Jackson and frontiersmen

82
Q

year in which the British general Sir Edward Pakenham made an all-out frontal attack

A

1815

83
Q

America’s most heroic battle of the War of 1812 which was actually fought in vain because American and British officials had already signed a peace treaty in Europe

A

Battle of New Orleans

84
Q

condemned the War of 1812 and echoed the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions by declaring the right of a state to nullify an act of Congress

A

Hartford Convention

85
Q

a cease-fire that ended the War of 1812

A

Treaty of Ghent

86
Q

year the Treaty of Ghent was signed

A

1814

87
Q

American representatives that were sent to Belgium to discuss a treaty with England

A

John Quincy Adams
Albert Gallatin
Henry Clay
Jonathan Russell
James Bayard

88
Q

benefits of the War of 1812

A
  1. America gained the respect of foreign nations
  2. war stimulated American industry
  3. war created a new spirit of nationalism
  4. war stimulated western expansion
89
Q
A

US History (23 decks)

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