Chapter 18 Flashcards
Section 18.1
Section 18.1
the name for the great age of industrial progress that swept the nation affecting all aspects of American life
Age of Industry or
Age of Progress or
The Golden Age of the Railroad or
The Gilded Age
had become America’s most important means f transportation by 1860s
railroads
railroads carried ____________ of the nation’s internal trade
2/3
the railroad that began laying track westward from Omaha, Nebraska,
Union Pacific Railroad
the railroad that began construction in Sacramento, CA and drove eastward
Central Pacific Railroad
group who did much of the building of the Central Pacific Railroad
Chinese
The Union Pacific Railroad relied on ________________ to lay their tracks
Civil War veterans
Irish immigrants
place where Central Pacific and Union Pacific met
Promontory Point, Utah
date for the transcontinental railroad meeting at Promontory Point
May 10, 1869
railroad that spanned the fertile northern prairies
Northern Pacific
railroad that ran from New Orleans across Texas through Gadsden Purchase to California
Southern Pacific
scenic route carried eastern tourists and cargo from Kansas through the southwestern deserts to California
Atchison, Topeka, & Santa Fe
aided in the building of some 18,000 miles of railroad line in the United States
land grants
the fifth transcontinental railroad which linked the great Lakes to Seattle
was completed too late to take advantages of federal subsidies
Great Northern Railroad
the Canadian-American promoter of the Great Northern who used private funds and was forced to plan carefully and build economically
James J. Hill
the only transcontinental line to weather the storm of the depression that hit because it was built by private enterprise and individual initiative
Hill’s Great Northern Railroad
brought the greatest decade of railroad growth in American history
1880s
the organizer behind the integrated rail system was
he bought New York Central, which ran across the center of New York from Albany to Buffalo
Cornelius Vanderbilt
the best remembered business tycoon that built a great empire from railroads
came to control the rails of the Southwest
Jay Gould
major lines connecting key points
trunk lines
smaller lines bringing in business from diverse points along the main route
feeder lines
gradually over years rail systems adopted a ________
standard gauge
distance between the rails
gauge
the standard guage is
4 feet, 8 1/2 inches
introduced the sleeping car
George Pullman
railway safety and efficiency was greatly improved with the introduction of the
air brakes
introduced air brakes
George Westinghouse
dominated the telegraph network
Western Union Company
the American Railway Association divided the nation into four _____________________ to make Americans conscious of being on time
standard time zones
year time zones were created
1883
died with one had in the throttle and one on the brake, trying to save the lives of the passengers on his crashing “Cannonball”
Casey Jones
SECTION 18.2
SECTION 18.2
the last section of the country to be settled
Last Frontier
In 1858, gold was discovered near
Pike’s Peak
multitudes come to mine Gold in Colorado (Pike’s Peak) bearing the slogan
Pike’s Peak or Bust!
in the spring of 1859, rich deposits of gold and silver were discovered on the eastern slopes of the
Sierra Nevada Mountains (near Lake Tahoe)
the mine which yielded $300 million worth of silver in the first 20 years of operation
Comstock Lode
while miners in the West were seeking fortunes in gold and silver, other westerners were finding good profits in
beef business
descended from cattle brought to the New World by Spanish explorers and were lean, hardy, wiry, fleet of foot, and ill-tempered
Texas longhorns
industry that developed in Chicago and Kansas City as a result of the beef business
meat packing plants
the invention that made the meat packing industry more profitable
refrigerator car
a favorite route of for trail drives
Chisholm Trail
towns where herds met the railway lines
cow towns
