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US History > Chapter 23- The Progressive Era > Flashcards

Chapter 23- The Progressive Era Flashcards

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1
Q

was the center of life for most Americans

A

home

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2
Q

although most homes were still heated by fireplaces, some homes in large cities had

A

central heating systems

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3
Q

kerosene lanterns were gradually being replaced by

A

gas lights or
electric lights

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4
Q

three major inventions by 1900 that greatly aided the medical field

A

X-rays
antiseptics
innoculations

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5
Q

did more than any man to revolutionize transportation in America

A

Henry Ford

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6
Q

the most famous automobile ever built

A

Model T

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7
Q

year Ford introduced the Model T

A

1908

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8
Q

introduced the assembly-line process of automobile production

A

Henry Ford

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9
Q

established by Ford to promote the history of man and America

A

Greenfield Village
Ford Museum

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10
Q

together with his son, Ford financed the largest philanthropic organization in the world

A

Ford Foundation

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11
Q

made the first successful powered flight

A

Wilbur and Orville Wright

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12
Q

the Wright brother’s first successful flight was in _______________________ in

A

Kitty Hawk, NC
1903

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13
Q

invented the wireless telegraph

A

Marconi

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14
Q

the next step after the wireless telegraph

A

wireless telephone

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15
Q

a direct result of wireless telephone was the

A

radio

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16
Q

the first commercial broadcasting station in the US

A

KDKA in Pittsburgh

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17
Q

one of the biggest stories in the newspapers of the early 20th century was

A

sinking of the Titanic

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18
Q

year Titanic sunk

A

1912

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19
Q

two new sources of power that spurred industry in the early 1900s

A

electricity
internal combustion engine

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20
Q

means that machines operate by themselves

A

automation

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21
Q

indicated the increasing prosperity among all classes of people

A

steady growth of the nation’s savings banks

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22
Q

the youngest man ever to become President

A

Theodore Roosevelt (42)

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23
Q

the most popular President of the early 1900s

A

Theodore Roosevelt

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24
Q

Teddy resigned his post as assistant secretary of the navy to form a regiment that won fame in Cuba s the

A

Rough Riders

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25
Q

Roosevelt stood for honesty in business, wisdom in conserving our natural resources, and a _________________ for all Americans

A

square deal

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26
Q

the first two decades of the 20th century are often referred to as the

A

Progressive Era

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27
Q

early progressive leader from Wisconsin

A

Robert M. La Follette

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28
Q

the Presidential administrations that were progressive in nature

A

Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson

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29
Q

passed by Congress to speed up the handling of antitrust cases in federal courts

A

Expedition Act

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30
Q

Roosevelt’s action against these big businesses won him the title

A

“trust-buster”

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31
Q

made it illegal for a shipper to accept a rebate from a railroad, just as it was already illegal for a railroad to offer one

A

Elkins Act

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32
Q

strengthened the power of the Interstate Commerce Commission over the railroads

A

Hepburn Act

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33
Q

federal department established in 1803

A

Department of Commerce and Labor

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34
Q

shortly after Roosevelt took office, workers led by John Mitchell went on strike, calling for a shorter working day and an increase in pay

A

United Mine Workers

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35
Q

during _____________________, Roosevelt negotiated more moderate reforms with big business leaders and this brought the country back into prosperity

A

Panic of 1907

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36
Q

social critic of the Progressive Era that wrote the “History of the Standard Oil Company”

A

Ida Tarbell

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37
Q

best-known social critics of the Progressive Era

A

Tarbell (Standard Oil Company)
Steffens (Shame of the Cities)
Sinclair (The Jungle)

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38
Q

the name given for the entire group of writers that were slanted and disgruntled about social issues

given because of Roosevelt’s comparison to Pilgrim’s Progress

A

muckrakers

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39
Q

law passed after President Roosevelt read The Jungle

A

Meat Inspection Act

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40
Q

passed to prevent the manufacture and sale of adulterated foods and drugs

required patented medicine to be labeled as to their contents

A

Pure Food and Drug Act

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41
Q

Roosevelt’s chief forester

A

Gifford Pinchot

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42
Q

marked the first attempt to inventory the nation’s natural resources

A

National Conservation Commission

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43
Q

passed under Roosevelt’s influence

provided that money from the sale of public land in 16 western states was to be used o initiate irrigation projects to make arid land productive

A

Newlands Reclamation Act

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44
Q

constructed in Arizona o Salt River and dedicated by an ex-President

provided water to irrigate more that 200,000 acres

A

Roosevelt Dam

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45
Q

before the US could start a canal project of its own, it had to eliminate the _____________________, which stipulated that is such a canal were built, it would be under joint control of the US and Great Britain

A

Clayton- Bulwer Treaty

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46
Q

granted the US the right to build and police a canal through Central America

A

Hay-Pauncefote Treaty

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47
Q

a possible site for the US to build a canal was through the

A

Isthmus of Canal

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48
Q

Another possible route for the US to build a canal

A

Nicaragua

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49
Q

three days after the revolution is Panama began, President Roosevelt extended diplomatic recognition to the new

A

Repiblic of Panama

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50
Q

granted the US a one ten miles wide through the isthmus on basically the same terms Colombia had rejected

A

Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty

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51
Q

nation Panama was under before their revolution

A

Colombia

52
Q

an army medical doctor who had helped to eliminate the mosquitoes which caused yellow fever in Cuba

was appointed chief sanitary officer in the Canal Zone

A

Colonel William Gorgas

53
Q

army engineer appointed by President Roosevelt to take charge of the Panama Canal project

A

Colonel George Washington Goethals

54
Q

included in the construction so that the water level could be raised or lowered as the ships journey from one end of the canal to the other

A

locks with gates

55
Q

year Panama canal was opened for use

A

August 1914

56
Q

Teddy Roosevelt’s summarized general policy in regard to foreign affairs

A

Speak softly and carry a big stick.

57
Q

At the close of the Spanish-American War, the US was obligated to protect both ______________________ and _________________

A

Puerto Rico
Cuba

58
Q

shortly after the Venezuelan affair, a similar situation developed in the

A

Dominican Republic

59
Q

two countries Venezuela went into debt to

A

Germany
Great Britain

60
Q

Roosevelt’s expanded interpretation of Monroe’s original policy statement became known as the __________________________ to the Monroe Doctrine

A

Roosevelt Corollary

61
Q

anything that follows as a natural or logical result of something else

A

corollary

62
Q

gaining control of the Philippines and of coaling stations in the Pacific had increased interest especially in

A

China

63
Q

had easily defeated China in war in 1894-1895

A

Japan

64
Q

imperialistic powers of Europe that had moved in to take controlling leases on various Chinese ports

A

Russia
Germany
(Japan)

65
Q

large areas carved out by Russia and Germany along China’s coast where they controlled economic affairs and trade with the outside world

A

“spheres of influence”

66
Q

Americans grew increasingly concerned about China so Secretary of State Hay sent notes requesting that each nation agree to not interfere with social issues in Chine

A

Open-Door Policy

67
Q

rebellion in which superpatriotic Chinese attacked foreigners, targeting missionaries and Christians specifically

A

Boxer Rebellion

68
Q

one of the most famous survivors of the Boxer Rebellion

A

Jonathan Goforth

69
Q

the Boxers took control of the are around the capital city _______________

A

Peking

70
Q

President Roosevelt’s first experience at dealing with problems in Far East

A

Japan angry at Russian expansion in Manchuria
Japan declared war on Russia

71
Q

Roosevelt realized if this war went until the defeat of one nation, it would affect the delicate balance of power in the Far East

A

Russo-Japanese War

72
Q

the treaty between Japan and Russia gave Japan

A

dominant power in Manchuria
stronger position in Korea

73
Q

for his part in settling the Russo-Japanese War, and for other actions promoting world peace, Theodore Roosevelt was awarded the

A

Nobel Peace Prize

74
Q

what Roosevelt worked out with Japan by which Japan’s government agreed to withhold passports from Japanese laborers seeking to come to the US

A

Gentlemen’s Agreement

75
Q

many Americans feared that Japan had designs on the

A

Philippine Islands

76
Q

sent out to demonstrate America’s increasing military strength

A

Great White Fleet

77
Q

the world cruise of the Great White Fleet gave the navy a new slogan:

A

Join the Navy and See the World

78
Q

when Teddy Roosevelt decided not to run for reelection, he supported ____________________ for the election of 1908

A

William Howard Taft

79
Q

ran against Taft in election of 1908

A

William Jennings Bryan

80
Q

won election of 1908

A

Taft

81
Q

important event that took place during Taft’s administration which made post offices saving banks where citizens could receive interest for depositing their money

A

postal savings system

82
Q

important events that happened during Taft’s administration

A

postal savings system
parcel post service
Department of Labor created
Civil Service expanded
New Mexico and Arizona admitted

83
Q

year New Mexico and Arizona admitted to Union

A

1912

84
Q

proposed tariff bill that lowered the rates on some items but kept most rates substantially as they were under the Dingley Tariff

A

Payne-Aldrich Bill

85
Q

stated that only those combinations suspected of constituting an unreasonable restraint of trade should be prosecuted

A

rule of reason

86
Q

greatly strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission by giving it greater control over railroad shipping rates and bringing the supervision of telephone, telegraph, and cable companies under its control

A

Mann-Elkins Act

87
Q

created under Taft’s administration to conserve natural resources and help protect the welfare of miners

A

Bureau of Mines

88
Q

Latin American country in which American banks loaned money to assist in the stabilization of its finances under Taft’s administration

A

Nicaragua

89
Q

President Taft shunned the “big stick” policy and followed the new approach called

encouraged American businessmen to invest large amounts of capital in the industrial and commercial development of China and Latin American republics

A

dollar diplomacy

90
Q

after the Republican party split when Taft was nominated for the election of 1912, progressives withdrew from the party and organized their own

A

Progressive Party

91
Q

th Progressive Party was popularly known as the

A

Bull Moos Party (after Roosevelt)

92
Q

chosen as the Democratic nominee for the election of the 1912

A

Thomas Woodrow Wilson

93
Q

the only man in history to serve as President and then as chief justice of the Supreme Court

A

Taft

94
Q

won election of 1912

A

Woodrow Wilson

95
Q

the first President since John Adams to make a personal appearance before Congress

A

Woodrow Wilson

96
Q
A
97
Q

Act that created a privately controlled central banking system

A

Federal Reserve Bank Act

98
Q

The percentage of deposits member banks are required to hold in reserve

A

Reserve requirement

99
Q

The rate of interest it charges member banks that borrow money from Federal Reserve Banks

A

Discount rate

100
Q

Act of 1914 that declared certain business practices illegal

A

Clayton Antitrust Act

101
Q

Two types of business organizations declared illegal by the Clayton Act

A

Interlocking directorate
Holding company

102
Q

Formed when the same men served in the board of directors for several different companies

A

Interlocking directorate

103
Q

LA countries that were torn by revolution

A

Haiti
Dominican Republic

104
Q

Haiti became a ___________________ of the United States

A

Temporary protectorate

105
Q

Islands purchased from Denmark in 1918

A

Danish West Indies (Virgin Islands)

106
Q

Mexico’s aging dictator that was overthrown

A

Porfirio Díaz

107
Q

Overthrew the Mexican dictator ad headed the new government

A

Francisco Madero

108
Q

Huerto’s rivals that Wilson allowed arms and munitions to be sent to

A

Carranza
Villa

109
Q

Where America war vessels were stationed in Mexico’s Atlantic seaport

A

Tampico

110
Q

Where a German ship was headed to supply Huerta’s forces with munitions

A

Veracruz

111
Q

The ABC powers were

A

Argentina
Brazil
Chile

112
Q

Role of the ABC powers

A

Mediate the tensions between US and Mexico

113
Q

Commanded the troops sent by President Wilson to go into Mexico to capture Villa ( killed 18 Americans)

A

General John Pershing

114
Q

Served as speaker of the House who became known for ruling the House with an especially uncompromising hand

A

Joseph Cannon

115
Q

Amendment that changed the method of electing senators

Defeated the original Constitutional purpose of the senate

A

17th amendment

116
Q

guaranteed women the right to vote

A

19th Amendment

117
Q

Two new procedures adopted during the Progressive Era were intended to

A

Give voters a greater voice in the making of state laws

118
Q

A process by which a stipulated percentage of voters in a state can initiate or begin passage of a state law without waiting for state legislature

A

Initiative

119
Q

Enables voters to provide for the adoption of a state law upon which state legislatures has not acted

A

Referendum

120
Q

Enables an official to be removed from office before his term expires

A

Recall

121
Q

Adopted to give voters a voice in nominating candidates to run for public office

A

Direct primary

122
Q

Am election one which Al of the registered voters of a party decide by ballot which candidate will run against the opposing party’s candidate in the final election

A

Primary election

123
Q

System in which the party voters in a state indicate their preference for a candidate to be supported by their delegates to the party’s national nominating convention

A

Presidential primary

124
Q

Policy-___________ officers were to be elected

Policy-__________ officers were to be appointed

A

Making-elected
Enforcing-appointed

125
Q

Where city-manager plan of government was popularized

A

Dayton, Ohio

US History (23 decks)

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