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US History > Chapter 20- Life in the Gilded Age > Flashcards

Chapter 20- Life in the Gilded Age Flashcards

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1
Q

dubbed the Age of Industry the Gilded Age because of the underlying corruptness of it

A

Mark Twain

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2
Q

the ratio of native born Americans to immigrants

A

6 to 1

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3
Q

encouraged 10,000 Chinese immigrants to come to America

A

Central pacific Railroad

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4
Q

retired missionary to China that started a Presbyterian mission for the Chinese in San Francisco

A

William Speer

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5
Q

adopted by Congress which barred Chinese laborers from entering the United States for 10 years

A

Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)

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6
Q

by the 1910, eastern Europeans accounted for ____________ of America’s total number of immigrants

A

70%

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7
Q

because immigration during this era was from different parts of the world than before, it is referred to as the

A

New Immigration

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8
Q

ravaged the nation’s fastest-growing city

A

Great Chicago Fire of 1871

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9
Q

the Chicago fire was a blessing in disguise because …

A

the rebuilding eliminated many problems of the old cities

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10
Q

improved life in poor neighborhoods by helping local residents in time of need and train ways to better care for their families

A

settlement houses

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11
Q

founded one of the earliest and best known of the settlement houses in America

A

Jane Addams

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12
Q

the name of Addams settlement house

A

Hull House

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13
Q

wrote The Experiences of the A.C.

A

Bayard Taylor

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14
Q

wrote The Experiences of the A.C.

A

Bayard Taylor

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15
Q

A.C stands for

A

Arcadian Club

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16
Q

what changed mister Billings drastically?

A

AC

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17
Q

decided what people would eat or not eat

A

Mallory

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18
Q

the goal of the AC

A

live in unity with nature
purify themselves

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19
Q

members of the AC

A

Shelldrakes
Hollins
Mallory
Eunice
Miss Ringtop
Billings
Brown

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20
Q

what did Brown hide?

A

salt

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21
Q

who decided that nobody should hold anything about each other?

A

Hollins

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22
Q

what gave them loose tongues and gave offense to each other?

A

alcohol (Mallory suggested)

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23
Q

what put an end to the AC?

A

offensive language and degrading opinions of each other

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24
Q

how long did the AC last?

A

2 days

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25
Q

why is the Experiences of the AC a satire of Transcendentalism?

A

it was making fun of the idea of fully living in nature because of the lack of acknowledgement to sin nature

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26
Q

Walden and The Experiences of AC are similar in that they both are about

A

Transcendentalism

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27
Q

wrote I Hear America Singing

A

Walt Whitman

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28
Q

America’s first modern poet

A

Whitman

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29
Q

Leaves of Grass was the start of the

A

free verse

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30
Q

Whitman had a warmth for President

A

Lincoln

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31
Q

I Hear America Singing is about

A

the common worker

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32
Q

theme of I Hear America…

A

joy in the ability of choosing own occupation

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33
Q

Whitman uses ____________ throughout I Hear America…

A

cataloguing (lists)

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34
Q

wrote When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d

A

Whitman

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35
Q

who suffers with death according to Whitman?

A

the living

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36
Q

When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloomd is about

A

President Lincoln

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37
Q

the star is a metaphor for

A

Lincoln

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38
Q

lilac is a metaphor for

A

love

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39
Q

Whitman uses cataloguing technique to descibe

A

America’s mourning

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40
Q

provides comfort and consolation to Whitman because of Lincoln’s death

A

bird (song of bird)

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41
Q

a relief from pain; brings comfort to those hurtin

A

death

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42
Q

wrote O Captain! My Captain!

A

Walt Whitman

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43
Q

the captain is a metaphor for

A

Lincoln

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44
Q

the ship is a metaphor for

A

America

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45
Q

the trip is a metaphor for

A

Civil War

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46
Q

wrote A Noiseless, Patient Spider

A

Whitman

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47
Q

is like the spider

A

human’s soul

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48
Q

because writer is not seeking God he is unable to

A

latch unto anything

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49
Q

before the Civil War, mass transit in AMerican cities was primarily by

A

omnibus or horse railway

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50
Q

beginning with New York in 1870s, cities began to use what to carry passengers above the crowded streets

A

elevated steam railways

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51
Q

means of transportation introduced in San Francisco in the 1870s which ran on a track and had a clamp which extended through a slot in the pavement

A

cable car

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52
Q

means of transportation introduced by Boston in 1897

A

subway

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53
Q

the most practical and most widely used means of urban transit in the late 19th century was

ran on a track and was propelled by its connection to electric wires which stretched above the city streets

A

electric trolley car

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54
Q

the first practical trolly car line went into operation in

A

Richmond, VA

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55
Q

transportation was greatly aided by advances in

A

bridge building

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56
Q

best symbolizes the advancement in bridges

the largest suspension bridge in the world when it was completed in 1883

A

Brooklyn Bridge

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57
Q

the chief engineer for the Brooklyn Bridge that died in the construction of the bridge

A

John A. Roebling

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58
Q

often referred to as “the eighth wonder of the world”

A

Brooklyn Bridge

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59
Q

most notable of the American architects in the 19th century which designed buildings to go up

Father of the Modern Skyscraper

A

Louis Sullivan

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60
Q

the main buildings of the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago

inspired the City Beautiful movement

A

White City

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61
Q

architect under whose influence cities were made more attractive and enjoyable with the creation of public parks

A

Frederick Law Olmsted

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62
Q

a special attraction at the World’s Columbian Exposition in 1893 that was a rival to Paris Exposition’s Eiffel Tower

A

Ferris wheel

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63
Q

Section 20.2- Industrial Labor

A

Section 20.2- Industrial Labor

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64
Q

two early attempts of local trade unions

A

National Labor Union
Knights of Labor

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65
Q

the first successful national labor union

A

American Federation of Labor (A.F of L.)

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66
Q

founded the first successful national labor union

A

Samuel Gompers

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67
Q

although Gompers opposed violence and anarchism, he supported the use of the

A

strike (refusal to work

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68
Q

a group of employees that refuse to work in order to force employers to pay higher wages

A

labor strikes

69
Q

the most important strike of the era that began in Chicago

A

Pullman Strike of 1894

70
Q

issued by the government demanding that the Pullman strike end

A

injunction (court order forbidding the performance of a particular act)

71
Q

one of the union leaders who went to jail for refusing to obey the injunction

later became a leader among American socialists and ran for President five times on the Socialist party ticket

A

Eugene Debs

72
Q

Section 20.3- Daily life in an Age of Affluence

A

Section 20.3

73
Q

by late 19th century, many middle class homes boasted invention such as

A

sewing machines
phonographs
gas lights
bathrooms

74
Q

housewives benefited from such innovations as

A

canned foods
efficient iceboxes
ready-made clothes
carpet sweepers
telephone
commercial laundry

75
Q

offered the customer a wide selection, in a particular type of product, such as groceries or dry goods

took the place of the general store in cities and towns

A

specialty shops

76
Q

could offer the customer a broad array of merchandise at money-saving prices

A

chain stores

77
Q

an early store chain

A

Great Atlantic and Pacific Company

78
Q

five and ten cent variety store chain founded in 1879

A

F.W. Woolworth

79
Q

further increased convenience in shopping

had everything under one roof

A

department store

80
Q

first person to have a department store

A

John Wanamaker

81
Q

had the customer slogan in his department store in Chicago: “Give the Lady what she wants”

A

Marshall Field

82
Q

first state to grant women full political privilege

A

Wyoming

83
Q

two women who led women’s rights movements during era

A

Stanton
Anthony

84
Q

by 1896, Colorado, Utah, and Idaho adopted women’s

A

suffrage

85
Q

a Milwaukee printer and editor who perfected the typewriter in 1868

A

Christopher Sholes

86
Q

first typewritten manuscript to go to a printer

A

Adventures of Tom Sawyer

87
Q

created a whole new field of employment for American women

A

telephone
telegraph

88
Q

quickly became the national pastime (national mania)

A

baseball

89
Q

the first professional baseball team

A

Cincinnati Red Stockings

90
Q

was organized when there were several professional teams

A

National League of Professional Baseball Players

91
Q

sport invented in 1891 to be a vigorous sport that could be played indoors during the winter months

A

basketball

92
Q

invented basketball

A

James Naismith

93
Q

one of the favorite spectator sport

A

football

94
Q

boxing match which introduced a more gentle form of boxing

A

Gentlemen Jim Corbett v John Sullivan

95
Q

organized a traveling tent circus

A

P.T Barnum

96
Q

because the 1890s was such an exciting time it is called

A

Gay Nineties

97
Q

provided humorous entertainment which was modeled after British musical hall

A

Vaudeville

98
Q

opened in 1890 and was frequently the site of the prestigious events such as the National Horse Show

A

Madison Square Garden

99
Q

the best amusement park was New York City’s

A

Coney Island

100
Q

the greatest craze of the decade was

A

bicycling

101
Q

era that gave birth to the soda fountain

A

Gay Nineties

102
Q

the two most important institutions in rural America

A

local church
general store

103
Q

opened the first mail-order business in 1872

A

Aaron Ward

104
Q

place where rural families could find nearly anything imaginable

A

Sears & Roebuck Catalog

105
Q

Section 20.4- The Growing Influence of Christianity

A

Section 20.4

106
Q

by 1890, eleven out of twelve high school graduates in the US were products of ______________, most of which were associated with a particular _____________

A

private academics

church

107
Q

established a fund to promote education in the South

A

George Peabody

108
Q

America’s best-known urban evangelist

A

Dwight L. Moody

109
Q

Moody’s song leader

A

Ira Sankey

110
Q

five other preachers who had profound impact on America in late 1890s

A

R. A. Torry
Talmage
Jones
Carroll
Chapman

111
Q

founded and supervised by Moody

provided young people with training that prepared them for Christian service

A

Moody Bible Institute

112
Q

served as first superintendent of Moody’s Bible Institute

A

R.A Torrey

113
Q

one of the best-known urban evangelists

labeled by Moody as “greatest evangelist in the country”

A

Chapman

114
Q

demonstrated his intellect in his multivolume An Interpretation of the English Bible

A

Carroll

115
Q

rescue mission founded in Chicago to help outcasts

A

Pacific Garden Mission

116
Q

organization founded William Booth

A

Salvation Army

117
Q

two methods people on frontier could hear Gospel

A

home missionaries
circuit-riding preachers

118
Q

brough many Americans to Alaska

A

gold rush

119
Q

two islands annexed to US that became home mission fields

A

Hawaii
Puerto Rico

120
Q

one of the best-known home missionaries of the 1890s era

A

Sheldon Jackson

121
Q

place where Moody sponsored a Christian Conference in which many colleges dedicated themselves to foreign missions

A

Mount Hermon

122
Q

college movement that had the motto “to evangelize the world in this generation”

A

Student Volunteer movement

123
Q

Chinese missionary that had a great influence on his own country

A

Charles Jones Soong

124
Q

the spouses of two of Soong’s daughters

A

Dr. Sun Yatsen (ruler of China in 20th century)
Chiang Kai-Shek (Chinese political leader)

125
Q

Sheldon Jackson is best remembered for

A

introducing reindeer to Alaska

126
Q

Section 20.5- Advances in Ed, Journalism, Social Reform

A

Section 20.5

127
Q

the advancement in _______________ education was noteworthy

A

secondary

128
Q

America’s first ____________________ were opened in St. Louis

A

kindergartens

129
Q

percent of American people that were literate by 1900

A

90%

130
Q

wrote Pledge of Allegiance

A

Franis Bellamy

131
Q

type colleges that boomed

A

private colleges

132
Q

the oldest and most prestigious college in the country

A

Harvard

133
Q

set the examples for offering graduate programs

A

John Hopkins University

134
Q

granted each state 30,000 acres for each of its senators and representatives

A

Morill Act

135
Q

many states used the money from the sale of land provided by Morrill Acts for

A

land grant colleges

136
Q

land grant colleges helped to popularize a new trend by accepting

A

women

137
Q

donated millions of dollars to the establishment of public libraries

A

Carnegie

138
Q

adult education movement that began as a training session for Sunday School teachers

A

Chautauqua movement

139
Q

words added to pledge of allegiance in 1954

A

“under God”

140
Q

largest denominations in 19 century

A
  1. Methodist
  2. Baptist
141
Q

was organized in 1869 as one of the voices that kept the liquor question constantly before the public

A

National Prohibition party

142
Q

organization which did much to combat the use of alcohol

A

Woman’s Christian Temperence Union (WCTU)

143
Q

the most dynamic leader of the WCTU

was in charge of Moody’s women’s meetings for a while

A

Frances Willard

144
Q

important development in the newspapers and magazines that printed on both sides of paper at the same time

A

web press

145
Q

development which cast rows of type directly from molten metal

A

linotype machine

146
Q

two things that greatly aided the speed with which newsmen could get news to their readers

A

telegraph networks
transatlantic cable

147
Q

the first publisher to reach a large audience

one of America’s best-known publishers

A

Joseph Pulitzer

148
Q

yearly award given in journalism, literature, drama, and music

A

Pulitzer Prizes

149
Q

Another newspaper that reached massive circulation late in the century was the New York Journal, owned by

A

William Randolph Hearst

150
Q

younger reporter sent by the New York Herald to find Missionary David Livingston

A

Henry M. Stanley

151
Q

Stanley’s greeting to Livingstone that have become a classic understatement:

A

“Dr. Livingstone, I presume?”

152
Q

Section 20.6- Literature in the Late 19th Century

A

Section 20.6

153
Q

most of America’s literature before the Civil War was ________________ in character

A

Romantic

154
Q

writers that became prominent in the latter half of the 19th century

the writing style that employed picturesque details, reflecting the scenery, customs, and dialect of a specific geographical area

A

Realistic

155
Q

Realistic writer that described the lives of “typical boys”

A

Mark Twain

156
Q

one of the earliest color writers that wrote about the life he found in the Far West after moving from New York to California

A

Bret Harte

157
Q

wrote Uncle Remus tales

A

Joel Harris

158
Q

famous for his novel the Hoosier Schoolmaster that gave vivid description of life in Indiana

A

Edward Eggleston

159
Q

the most famous of the local writers

A

Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain)

160
Q

one of the best-known authors of the era that dealt with social issues and the differences between European and American cultures

A

Henry James

161
Q

the bestsellers of the late 19th century were the Christian classics

A

Ben-Hur
In His Steps

162
Q

wrote Ben-Hur

A

Lew Wallace

163
Q

published In His Steps

A

Charles Sheldon

164
Q

famouse poet who wrote poems about Lincoln

A

Walt Whitman

165
Q

one of most accomplished poets of the South

A

Sidney Lanier

166
Q

reclusive poet whose poems were published after death

A

Emily Dickinson

167
Q

the Hoosier Poet

A

James Whitcomb Riley

168
Q

three Naturalistic writers

A

Hamlin Garland
Stephen Crane
Jack London

US History (23 decks)

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