Chapter 8a - Drugs

Question 1

Natural or synthetic molecules that alter communication between Neurons

Answer 1

psychoactive drugs

Question 2

How do psychoactive drugs alter communication between neurons?

Answer 2

Releases NTs
Inhibits NTs
Delay NT removal/breakdown
Bind to receptors and acts like a NT

Question 3

Psychoactive drug prevent NT action

Answer 3

inhibiting

Question 4

Require larger or more frequent doses to get the same effect

Answer 4

Tolerance

Question 5

Body tries to maintain homeostasis (in the presence of the drug)

Answer 5

Tolerance

Question 6

Drug that can be snorted, smoked, or injected

Answer 6

cocaine

Question 7

Cocaine results in what feelings?

Answer 7

Pleasure, confidence, and alertness

Question 8

Positive effects of cocaine are __________

Answer 8

short-lived

Question 9

Positive effects of cocaine are followed by a _______

Answer 9

crash - anxiety, depression, fatigue

Question 10

What is crack?

Answer 10

a generally higher purity of cocaine

Question 11

increases heart rate, blood pressure, and interferes with nerves that regulate heartbeat

Answer 11

Cardiovascular

Question 12

Cocaine health issues:

Answer 12

Cardiovascular
Respiratory
Constricts arteries
Increases blood pressure
Interferes with neurons controlling heart, respiration

Question 13

Synthetic stimulants that resemble dopamine and norepinephrine

Answer 13

Amphetamines

Question 14

In low, controlled doses, prescription versions of these drugs increase alertness, concentration, and reduced fatigue

Answer 14

Amphetamines

Question 15

Street form of amphetamine

Answer 15

Meth

Question 16

What do chronic meth users suffer from?

Answer 16

Impairments to memory and emotional centers of brain

Question 17

Ecstasy is a ________ drug

Answer 17

hallucinogenic

Question 18

promotes release of norepinephrine, also affects serotonin and dopamine

Answer 18

Acetylcholine

Question 19

Ecstasy physiological effects:

Answer 19

Stimulant
Hyperthermia
Dehydration

Question 20

increases heart rate and blood pressure

Answer 20

stimulant

Question 21

(increased body temperature) - heat stroke

Answer 21

hyperthermia

Question 22

if water intake is increased substantially, ions can become diluted (neurons, muscles effected). Better to drink something with electrolytes

Answer 22

dehydration

Question 23

Ecstasy long-term effects

Answer 23

Degradation of neurons

Chronic depression, anxiety, insomnia

Question 24

Which drug has a variety has such:
codeine
oxycodone
hydrocodone
tramadol
vicodin
percocet
morphine
heroin

Answer 24

opioids

Question 25

extremely potent, thus dangerous

Answer 25

Synthetic fentanyl - opioid

Question 26

Alcohol is a _________

Answer 26

depressant

Question 27

How is alcohol a depressant?

Answer 27

Slows down (depresses) activity of all neurons

Question 28

Alcohol readily _______ into cells

Answer 28

diffuses

Question 29

Where does absorption of alcohol occur?

Answer 29

stomach ~20%

Question 30

What slows absorption of alcohol

Answer 30

food

Question 31

Where does alcohol get metabolized?

Answer 31

liver

Question 32

Moderate drinking (1 drink/day) appears to ________ cardiovascular disease

Answer 32

decrease

Question 33

Chronic use of alcohol can cause:

Answer 33

Liver damage
Nervous system issues
At high levels, inhibits neurons for balance, coordination, consciousness, and breathing
Fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 34

moves across placenta; birth defects

Answer 34

fetal alcohol syndrome