Chapter 21a - Cancer

Question 1

What is cancer?

Answer 1

Uncontrolled cell division of our own cells

Uncontrolled mitosis

Question 2

What forms tumors?

Answer 2

cancerous cells

Question 3

_______ cells divide more often than normal cells

Answer 3

mutated

Question 4

What does carcinoma in situ mean?

Answer 4

tumor in place

Question 5

tumor attracts blood supply. cancerous

Answer 5

malignant tumor

Question 6

cancerous cells spread through blood and lymphatic systems, start additional tumors

Answer 6

mestasize

Question 7

Cancer kills how?

Answer 7

Interfere with normal body cells

Growing tumors block vital pathways in organ systems

Question 8

How do cancer cells interfere with normal body cells?

Answer 8

Cancer cells and tumors are greedy, deprive nutrients from neighboring cells, weakening them

Question 9

An abnormal growing mass, which remains at area of origin

Answer 9

benign tumor

Question 10

genes produce tumor suppressor proteins

Answer 10

tumor-suppressor genes

Question 11

List the characteristics of tumor-suppressor genes:

Answer 11

Detect DNA damage - stop cell division, assess damage
Repair successful - cell cycle continues
Too damaged for repair - programmed cell death
Repair fails - damage accumulated

Question 12

What is cancer caused by?

Answer 12

gene mutations that produce proteins that malfunction

Question 13

proto =

oncogenes =

Answer 13

proto = before
oncogenes = cancer genes

Question 14

produces a protein that monitors for DNA damage and can initiate appropriate responses

Answer 14

tumor-suppressor gene ‘p53’

Question 15

apoptosis

Answer 15

programmed cell death

Question 16

Name of body defensive cells

Answer 16

killer cells

Question 17

What can detect and destroy cancerous cells?

Answer 17

defensive cells

Question 18

If proto-onco genes are damaged what can occur?

Answer 18

mutations, cancer

Question 19

When would apoptosis occur?

Answer 19

Programmed cell death will occur when p53 is unable to fix a screw up in DNA synthesis for the well-being of other cells

Question 20

Cancerous cells spread through blood and lymphatic systems, start additional tumors

Answer 20

Metastasize