Chapter 8.3 DNA Flashcards
Define transcription.
Making RNA from DNA Code.
Stages of Transcription, which is the first one?
Initiation - tfs bind to promoter/enhancer regions, attract and prepare RNA polymerase to begin copying gene sequence into mRNA.
Define Central Dogma.
From gene to protein.
Next stage?
Elongation - RNA pol breaks free of tf, a protective 5’ cap is added to RNA, as RNA copies DNA, other proteins are recruited to splice out introns.
Final Stage of transcription?
Termination - At the polyadenylation site, the termination sequence is recognized and cut. A polyA tail is added to the end ofa new RNA molecule. The longer the tail, the longer the mRNA will be in cytoplasm and the more proteins can be made form it.
What is the first part of a eukaryotic cell?
Promoters - start site for transcription. Most contain a TATA box. Signal transcription factors ant then RNA polymerase attach.
What is an enhancer?
Additional binding site for transcription factors.
What are exons?
Sequences that will be present in the mRNA.
What are introns?
Will be spliced out and removed.
DNA vs. RNA.
DNA- deoxyribose, double strand, stores info, A-T G-C
RNA - ribose, single stranded, makes proteins, A-U G-C
What are the base pair rules for RNA?
A-U,G-C
