Chapter 8: Upper Limb Flashcards
Head of humerus
Glenoid cavity
Anatomical neck of the humerus
Site of the epiphyseal plate in the humerous
Greater and lesser tubercle
Two prejections
- rounded contours of the shoulder
Intertubercular sulcus/ groove
Attachment for the tendon of b. brachii
Surgical neck
Site of bone facture
Body
Main shaft (diaphysis) of the humerus
Deltoid tuberosity
- fought v shaped area
- site of attachment for the tendon of the deltoid muscle
Capitulum
Head of the radius
Trochlea
- accommodates the coronoid process of the ulna
Coronoid fossa
Coronoid process of the ulna
Olecranon fossa
Olecranon of the ulna
Radial fossa
Head of the radius
Medial and lateral epicondyles
Attachment for the tendons of the forearm muscles
Radius articulate with the _______ of the humerus
Capitulum
What is the muscle insertion for the biceps brachii
Radial tuberosity
What side is the ulna on
Pinky side
Surface features of the ulna
- Olecranon
- coronoid process
- trochlear notch
- styloid process
- tuberosity of the ulna
What bones are in the proximal row
- scaphoid
- lunate
- triauentrum
- pisiform
What are the bones in the distal row
- trapezium
- trapezoid
- capitate
- hamate
Humero-ulnar and humero-radial joint is between
the trochlea (humerus) and trochlear notch (ulna) and the Capitulum (humerus) and head of the radius
What action does the humero-ulnar and humero-radial joint
Pivot action
What kind of joint is the elbow joint
Hinge joint
What is the metacarpophalangeal joint
Hinge
What type of joint is the interphalageal joint
Hinge
Suspination
- palms face anteriorly
- radius and ulna are parallel
Pronation
- palms face posteriorly
- radius and ulna cross over each other
What does the Supinator of the forearm do
-Moves the hand, wrist, and fingers
- wraps around the proximal radius
- assist the biceps brachii
Pronator teres movement
Pronation
Movement of quadratus
Pronation
Flexors of the elbow joint (anterior compartment)
- biceps brachii
- brachialis
- branchioradialis
Extensors of the elbow joint (posterior compartment)
- triceps brachii
- anconeus
Biceps brachii
O:
Long head- tubercle of scapula
Short head - coracoid process of scapula
I: radial tuberosity
Brachialis
O: distal ant. Surface of humerus
I: Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna
Brachioradialis
O: lateral border of a distal end of humerus
I: styloid process of radius
Anconeus
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Olecranon of ulna
Triceps brachii long head
O: tubercle of scalpula
I: Olecranon of ulna
Triceps brachii lateral head
O: posterior surface of humerus above the radial groove
I: Olecranon of ulna
Triceps Brachii of medial head
O: entire surface of the numerous to a groove
I: Olecranon of ulna
What is the common origin of the anterior compartment
Medial epicondyle
What are the muscles of the anterior compartment
- pronator teres
- flexor carpi radilais
- palmaris longus
- flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor carping ulnaris
Anterior compartment
- flex the wrist joint and adduct the hand at the wrist
Palmaris longus
Anterior compartment
- flex the hand at the wrist
Flexor carpi radialis
Anterior compartment
- flexes and abducts hand at the wrist
Flexor digitorium superficialis
- crosses over the wrist, MP, and proximal IP joints of fingers 2-5
- flexes above the joint
Flexor policis longus
Flexes the MP and IP joints of the thumb
Flexor digitorium profundus
- passes to the tips of the fingers
- flexes the MP, PIP,and DIP joints of finger 2-5
Common origin of the posterior compartment
Lateral epicondyle
Extensor carpi radialis longus
- extends and abducts hand at the wrist
Extensor carpi radialis breves
- extends and abducts the hand at the wrist
Extensor digitorium
- extends the wrist, MP, PPI, and DIP joints of figures 2-5
Extensor digiti minimi
- innervate 5th finger
Extensor carpi ulnaris
- extends the wrist and adducts the hand
Abductor pollicis longus
- abducts the joints of the thumb and hand
Extensor pollicis breves
- extends MP joints of the thumb
Extensor pollicis longus
- innervates the joints of the thumb and abducts the hand
Extensor indics
- extends the PIP, DIP joints of the index finger
Thenar group
- forms the thick, fleshy mass (thenar eminence) at the base of the thumb
Hypothenar group
- forms smaller fleshy mass (hypothenar eminence) at the base of the little figure
Midpalmar group
- occupies the space between the first two groups
Muscles of the thenar group
- flexor pollicis brevis
- adductor pollicis brevis
- opponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis
- flexes the thumb at the carpometacarpal and metacarphalageal joint
Adductor pollicis brevis
- adducts thumb at the carpometacarpal joint
Opponens pollicis
- moves the thumb across the Pam to meet any finger
Hypothenar group consists of what muscles
- flexor digiti minimi
- abductor digiti minimi
- opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
- flexes little finger at the carpometacarpal, and MP joints
Abductor digiti minimi
- abducts and flexes little finger MP joints
Opponens digiti minimi
- move the little finger across the palm to meet the thumb
Mid-Palmar group includes what muscles
- lumbrical muscles
- dorsal interossei muscles
-palmar interossei
Lumbrical muscles
- flexes the MP and extends the PIP and DIP joints of fingers 2-5
Dorsal interossei muscles
- located between the metacarpals
- flex the MP and extends the PIP and DIP joints of figures 2-5
Palmar interossei
- adduct each finger at the MP joints, flex each finger at the MP joints and extend each figure IP joint
Posterior / dorsal roots
Sensory
Anterior / ventral roots
Motor
Brachial plexuses
- networks of nerves that supply the upper limbs
Where is the Brachial plexus located
C5-T1
Branches of spinal nerves from the brachial plexus
- axillary
- median
- musculocutaneous
- radial
- ulnar
Axial nerve
Innervates deltoid, teres minor, and superiolateral arm
Median nerve
Innervates thumb, index figure, middle finger, and 1/2 of ring finger
Musculocutaneous nerve
Innervates anterior arm muscles
Radial nerve
Innervates posterior arm
Ulnar nerve
Innervates forearm muscles and intrinsic hand
