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HLSC120: Human Anatomy > Chapter 7: The Skull > Flashcards

Chapter 7: The Skull Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones does the skull have?

A

22

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2
Q

How many cranial bones are there

A

8

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3
Q

What are the cranial bones?

A

-frontal
- parietal(2)
- temporal (2)
- occipital
- sphenoid
- ethmoid

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4
Q

How many facial bones are there?

A

14

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5
Q

What are the facial bones

A
  • zygomatic bones (2)
  • lacrimal (2)
  • nasal(2)
  • vomer
  • inferior nasal conchae (2)
  • palatine (2)
  • maxillae (2)
  • mandible
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6
Q

Orbital cavity

A

Eye socket

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7
Q

Oral cavity

A

Mouth

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8
Q

Nasal cavity

A

Nose

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9
Q

Paranasal sinuses

A

Functions:
- lighten skulls mass
- increase surface area of nasal mucosa to most in and cleanse inhaled air
- serve as (echo) resonating chambers that intensify and prolong sounds

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10
Q

Suture

A

Immovable fibrous joint in an adult skull

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11
Q

Coronal suture

A

Untuned the frontal and parietal bones

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12
Q

Sagittarius suture

A

Unites the two parietal bones

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13
Q

Squamous suture

A

Unite the parietal and temporal bones

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14
Q

Lambdoid suture

A

Unites the two parietal bones to the occipital bone

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15
Q

What are Fontanells

A

Soft spots
- areas of cartilage and unossified mesenchyme that are arranged in thin plates around the developing brain

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16
Q

Fontanels functions

A
  • flexibility to the fetal skull
  • allow skull to change shape through the birth canal
  • permit rapid growth of the brain
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17
Q

Where is the frontal bone located

A
  • forms the anterior roof of the cranium ( forehead) , nasal cavity, and orbital arches
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18
Q

Important features of frontal bone

A
  • squamous part
  • glabella
  • siperciliary arches
  • supraorbital margin
  • zygomatic process
  • frontal crest
  • suborbital foramen
  • frontal sinuses
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19
Q

Frontal crest

A

Attachment site for meninigies to help stabilize the brain within the skull

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20
Q

Is the frontal bone paired or unpaired?

A

Unpaired

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21
Q

Frontal sinuses

A

lighten bone, moisten inhaled air, and give resonance to voice

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22
Q

Orbital part

A

Forms roof of the orbit

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23
Q

Squamous part

A

Attachment of scalp muscles

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24
Q

Supraobital

A

Forms the protective superior border of orbit

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25
Where is the parietal bone located?
- forms side and roof of cranial cavity
26
Features of the parietal bone
- paritetal eminence - parietal foramina - superior and inferior temporal lines
27
Inferior and superior temporal lines
Attachment site for temporal is muscle
28
Parietal eminence
Forms the rounded prominence on each side of the skull
29
Is the parietal bone paired or unpaired
Paired
30
Is the temporal bone pair or unpaired
Paired
31
Where is the temporal bone located
- forms zygomatic arch - forms inferior- lateral part of the cranial floor plus part of the lateral wall near the ear
32
What two processes make up the zygomatic arch
Zygomatic process and temporal process
33
Features of the temporal bone
- mandibular fossa - air cells - Petronius part - styloid process - squamous part - zygomatic process
34
Madibular fossa
Articulate with the mandible mastoid
35
Air cells
Lighten the mastoid process
36
Mastoid process
Attachment site of some neck muscles to extend or rotate the head
37
Petrous portion
In the temporal bone - located at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bone Houses the internal ear, internal acoustic meats and groove for the sigmoid sinus
38
Mastoid portion
Temporal bone Contains the - external auditory meatus - mastoid process - carotid process - styloid process - stylomastoid process
39
External auditory meatus
Conducts air to the middle ear
40
Carotid canal
Internal carotid artery
41
Styloid process
Attachment for hyoid and tongue muscles
42
Stylomastoid foramen
The passage for the facial nerve and stylomastoid artery
43
Squamous portion of the temporal bone
- zygomatic process - temporal process - mandibular fossa - articulate tubercle - mastoid process - carotid canal
44
Is the occipital bone paired or unpaired?
Unpaired
45
Occipital bone prodominate features
- squamous part - basilar part - foramen mangnum - hypoglossal canal - occipital condoles - external occipital protuberance - jugular notch - ligamentum nuchae - superior and inferior nuchal line
46
Foramen magnum contains
Spinal cord, vertebra,, spinal arteries, and the accessory nerve
47
Occipital condyles
First cervical vertebra ( atlas) and Atlanto-occipital joints
48
External occipital protuberance
Midline projection
49
Ligamentum nuchae
Ligament helps support the head
50
Is the sphenoid bone paired or unpaired
Unpaired
51
What shape is the sphenoid bone
Butterfly
52
Main features of the sphenoid bone
- body - sphenoid turcica - sphenoid sinus - tuberculin sellae - hypophyseal fossa (pituitary gland) - Doris. Sallae
53
Body of sphenoid bone
Houses sphenoid sinuses
54
Medial and lateral pterygoid plates
Attachment site for two muscles of mastication (chewing muscles)
55
Lesser wings
Part of the anterior cranial fossa; contains the optic canal
56
Greater wings
Form part of middle cranial fossa and orbit
57
Superior orbital fissure
For the ophthalmic, trigeminal, ocular, trochlear, and abducens nerves
58
Foramen rotundum
Maxillary nerve
59
Foreman ovale
Mandibular nerve
60
Foreman spinosum
Internal carotid and pharyngeal artery
61
Is the ethmoid bone paired or unpaired?
Unpaired
62
What shape is the ethmoid bone?
Irregular shaped with numerous paranasal sinuses
63
Ethmoid bone main features
- ethmoidal cells ( becomes ethmoidal sinus) - cribiform foramina - superior and middle nasal conchae - crista galli
64
Cribiform foramina
Passes oldfactory nerve
65
Superior and ,idle nasal conchae
- Mucous membranes increases vascular and mucous membrane surface area - warms and humidifies air - involved in sense of smell
66
Crista galli
A point of attachment for the Falx cerebri (brain membrane)
67
Is the zygomatic paired or unpaired
Paired
68
Zygomatic bone features
- zygomatic arch - maxillary, frontal, and orbital process - zygomaticofacial
69
Is the lacrimal paired or unpaired
Paired
70
What is the lacrimal bone
- smallest bone of the face - forms the anterior portion of the eye socket
71
Feature of the lacrimal bone
Lacrimal groove
72
What is the lacrimal groove
Honey depression into the maxilla - passes tears from the eye into the nasal cavity
73
Is the nasal bone paired of unpaired?
Paired
74
What does the nasal bone do?
- forms the bridge of the nose - supports cartilage - supports thin musck3s of facial expression
75
What is a common site for facial injuries
Nasal bone
76
Is the vomer bone paired or unpaired?
Unpaired
77
Features of the vomer bone
Ala Vertical plate
78
What does the vomer do?
Divided the nasal cavity into the left and right - forms the nasal septum
79
Is the inferior nasal conchae paired or unpaired
Paired
80
What does the inferior nasal conchae do?
Helps to swirl and filter the air before is passes to the lungs
81
Superior nasal conchae
Ethmoid bone - increases surface area and aids in sense of smell
82
Is the palatine paired or unpaired
Paired
83
What does the palatine do?
Separates the nasal and orbital cavity
84
Is the maxillae paired or unpaired
Paired
85
What are the feature of the maxillae
- Infraorbital margin - Orbital surface - alveolar process - Infraorbital foramen
86
Infraorbital foramen
Allows blood vessels, and triennial nerve to pass
87
What does the maxillae do?
Fuse at the midline to form the upper jaw
88
Is the mandible paired or unpaired
Unpaired
89
What is the only movable facial bone
Mandible
90
What are the structural features of the mandible
- body - rami - angle - mental protuberance - condylar process - consider process - mandibular notch - mental foramen
91
What bones is the orbit of the eye formed by
- frontal - zygomatic - sphenoid - ethmoid - lacrimal - maxilla
92
Is the humour bone paired or unpaired?
Unpaired
93
What does the hyoid bone do?
- serves as an attachment site for the muscles of the tongue, neck, and pharynx

HLSC120: Human Anatomy (16 decks)

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