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HLSC120: Human Anatomy > Ch. 24: The Lymphatic System And Immunity > Flashcards

Ch. 24: The Lymphatic System And Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Pathogens

A

Disease producing microbes

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2
Q

Susceptibility

A

Lack of resistance

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3
Q

Inate/ non-specific immunity

A

Non-adaptive
In born

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4
Q

Adaptive (specific) immunity

A

Specific recognition of the microbe

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5
Q

Excess intereticial fluid

A

Enters the lymph vessels

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6
Q

Lymphatic capillaries are also called

A

Lacteals

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7
Q

Lacteals

A

Absorb lipids in the intestine

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8
Q

Lymphatic organs aid in

A

The production and maturation of lymphocytes

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9
Q

What monitors foreign substances

A

Lymphocytes and macrophages

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10
Q

Tissues lacking lymphatic capillaries

A
  • avascular tissues
  • cartilage, epidermis, eye cornea, CNS, spleen, red bone marrow
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11
Q

Lacteal

A

Carry the lipids

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12
Q

Chyle

A

Lymph in the lacteals

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13
Q

Where do lymph vessels unite

A

Lymph trunks

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14
Q

Jugular trunks

A

The head and neck

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15
Q

Subclavian trunks

A

The upper limbs, breasts and superficial thoracic wall

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16
Q

Bronchomediastinal trunks

A

Deep thoracic structures

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17
Q

Intestinal trunks

A

Most abdominal structures

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18
Q

Lumbar trunks

A

Lower limbs, abdominopelvic wall and pelvic organs

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19
Q

Right lymphatic trunks

A
  • deep to the clavicle and returns ly,ph at the junction of the right subclavian and internal jugular veins
  • returns blood from the right side of the head and ek, the right upper limb and right side of the thorax
20
Q

Thoracic duct

A

Largest lymph vessel
- begins in a rounded sac like structure called the cisterns chyli
- collects lymph from most of the body (excluding the right lymphatic duct drainage)
- returns lymph into the junction between the left subclavian and internal jugular veins

21
Q

Right side trunks

A

Right Jugular, right Subclavian, and right bronchomediastinal - into interior jugular and subclavian veins)

22
Q

Left side trunks

A

All five trunks

23
Q

Macrophages

A
  • monocytes that have left blood
  • engulfs foreign substances; may present antigens to other lymphoid cells
24
Q

Special epithelial cells ( nurse cells )

A
  • secretory cells in the thymus
25
Q

Dendritic cells

A
  • internalize antigens and present them to lymphocytes
26
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Most abundant lymphoid cells

27
Q

T lymphocytes (T cells)

A

Virally infected cells and cancer cells

28
Q

B lymphocytes (B cells)

A

Produce antibodies against bacteria

29
Q

Natural killer (NK cells)

A

Cancer cells

30
Q

Helper T lymphocytes

A

Imitates and oversees immune response

31
Q

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes

A

Directly kills infected cells; must be activated by a helper T lymphocytes first

32
Q

Memory T lymphocytes

A

A type of T lymphocytes that had already encountered an antigen; patrols the body seeking the same antigen again

33
Q

Reglatory T lymphocytes

A

Helps “tun off” the immune response once it has been initiated

34
Q

Plasma cell (B)

A

Produces and secretes antibodies

35
Q

Memory B lymphocyte

A

Remembers an intimate antigen stack and mounts a faster, mute efficient response should the same antigen type attack again

36
Q

Primary lymphatic organs

A
  • bone marrow
  • thymus
37
Q

Secondary lymphatic organs

A
  • lymph nodes
  • spleen
38
Q

Thymus

A
  • site of t lymphocytes differentiation and maturation
  • located at the top of the sternum, anterior to the top of the hesrt
39
Q

Thymal cortex

A
  • contains immature T cells migrate from red blood marrow
  • nurse cells (thymic hormones)
  • macrophages (phagocytosis)
40
Q

Thymal medulla

A
  • mature T cells
  • epithelial cells
  • thymic corpuscles/ nurse cells
41
Q

Stroma

A

The parenchyma (functional tissue) of the lymph node
- is divided into a superficial cortex and a deep medulla

42
Q

Hilum

A

Where the splenic artery and splenic vein enter the spleen

43
Q

Capsule

A
  • a dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the spleen
44
Q

White pulp

A
  • stores lymphocytes (T & B) and macrophages
45
Q

Functions of red pulp

A
  • removes rupture, warn out, or defective blood cells and platelets by macrophages
  • storage of platelets
  • production of blood cells ( hemopoiesis) during fetal life
46
Q

Splenic cords / billroth cord

A
  • stores RBC, macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells and granulocytes
47
Q

Functions of the spleen

A

Imitates immune response when antigens are found in blood
- serves as a reservoir for erythrocytes and platelets
- phagocytizes old, defective erythrocyte and platelets
- phagocytizes bacteria and other foreign materials

HLSC120: Human Anatomy (16 decks)

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