Chapter 8 Flashcards
preparation of food for swallow; doesn’t include liquids
Mastication
What parts are involved in mastication (3)
Oral muscles, teeth, articulators
swallowing; from point that food enters through the stomach
Deglutition
disorders of swallowing at any stage in the process
Dysphagia
the component of the inferior constrictor involved in the upper esophageal sphincter
Crycopharyngeus
UES
Upper esophageal sphincter
Upper esophageal sphincter, immediate esophageal region and immediate pharyngeal region; critical part of swallowing
PE segment (pharyngoesophageal)
What closes the respiratory center during swallowing?
Epiglottis
food or liquid goes below the vocal fold
Aspiration
food or liquid gets into hypopharyngeal region and is stopped at the vocal folds and coughed out
Penetration
How long does swallowing take?
5-7 seconds
Avg people swallow ___ times a day
580
Where is the swallowing reflex originated in?
Medulla
What is the rest of swallowing mediated by?
Cortex, cranial nerves
placement of food/bolus in the mouth
Feeding
different phases of coordination and manipulation of bolus from oral cavity into esophagus
Swallowing
Food mixed withs saliva
Bolus
What are the 3 phases of swallowing?
Oral, pharyngeal, esophageal
What 2 stages are in the oral phase?
Oral prep, transit
Includes chewing and preparing to swallow and moving the food/liquid to the back of the mouth with the tongue
Oral Phase
Includes moving the food over the back of the tongue and down the pharynx or throat
Pharyngeal phase
When does the pharyngeal stage start and finish?
Start: swallowing reflex
End: relaxation of esophageal sphincter
Phase when the food enters the esophagus
Esophageal
How many muscles and nerves are involved in swallowing?
more than 20 muscles and several nerves.
blocks nasal cavity so bolus doesn’t enter nasal cavity
Velum
What are some developmental issues for swallowing in neonates?
Larynx elevated, epiglottis visible, no mastication
True or false: babies are able to breathe while being breastfed
True
What happens to the swallowing mechanism as they begin to grow?
Larynx drops
Epiglottis drops
Teeth erupt
Tongue ceases anterior movement during swallow
