Chapter 11 Flashcards
What makes up the CNS?
Brain and spinal cord
What makes up the PNS?
Cranial and spinal nerves
How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?
12
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31
Voluntary movement portion of the nervous system
Somatic
Involuntary movement portion of the nervous system
Autonomic
What are the 2 branches of the autonomic system?
Parasympathetic and sympathetic
Is swallowing part of the somatic or autonomic nervous system?
Both
Is speech part of the somatic or autonomic nervous system?
Somatic
What determines how fast a neuron is?
Myelin
Insulation surrounding axons
Myelin
Produces myelin in CNS
Oligodendrocytes
Produces myelin in PNS
Schwann cells
Space between axon and dendrite used for transmission of impulse
Synapse
What is the most common type of synapse?
Axo-dendritic
Neuron group in PNS
Nerve
Neuron group in CNS
Tract or pathway
Groups of nerves/axons traveling together
Tract
Axons across 2 hemispheres
Commissural fibers
Axons within 1 hemisphere
Association fibers
Axons between different areas out of the brain
Projection fibers
Group of cell bodies together
Gray matter
Axons connecting
White matter
Largest commissural tract
Corpus callosum
What happens when you damage the CNS?
Regeneration of axon not possible
What happens when you damage the PNS?
Functional regeneration of axon if cell body is still alive
What are the 3 types of meninges from outer to inner?
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Covering around CNS
Meninges
Thick and leather-like meninges
Dura mater
Web-like meninges
Arachnoid mater
Delicate layer of meninges; saran wrap of the brain
Pia mater
