Chapter 3 Part 2

Question 1

What is the difference between infant and adult breathing?

Answer 1

Infants have shallow and rapid breathing 3x as much as adults

Question 2

What is the average breathing rate for adults?

Answer 2

12-15 breaths per minute

Question 3

What is the average breathing rate for infants?

Answer 3

36-45

Question 4

Control of ___ is most important in speech

Answer 4

Exhalation

Question 5

What happens to the force that is trying to return the rib cage to rest as the farther the rib cage is expanded?

Answer 5

Force increases

Question 6

Patm

Answer 6

Atmospheric pressure

Question 7

Pm

Answer 7

Mouth/intraoral pressure

Question 8

Ps

Answer 8

Subglottal pressure

Question 9

Pal

Answer 9

Alveolar/pulmonic pressure

Question 10

Ppl

Answer 10

Pleural/intrapleural pressure

Question 11

What happens to alveolar pressure and pleural pressure during quiet inspiration?

Answer 11

Pal drops to -2 cm H2O and Ppl drops to -10 cm H2O

Question 12

What happens to alveolar pressure and pleural pressure during quiet expiration?

Answer 12

Pal increases to +2 cm H2O and Ppl increases to -6 cm H2O

Question 13

Keeps alveoli from collapsing and keeps fluid from capillaries from entering alveoli

Answer 13

Surfactant

Question 14

Pm Ps Pal are the same
Negative during inspiration
Positive during expiration

Answer 14

Open vocal folds

Question 15

Pm decreases

Ps increases

Answer 15

Closed vocal folds

Question 16

What is the minimum amount of pressure required to vibrate the vocal folds for speech?

Answer 16

3-5 cm H2O

Question 17

What are 3 factors that affect expiration?

Answer 17

Torque, gravity, elasticity

Question 18

What type of pressure do we need to maintain for speech?

Answer 18

Ps

Question 19

Regular quiet breathing: __% insp., __% exp.

Answer 19

40, 60

Question 20

Speech: __% insp., __% exp.

Answer 20

10, 90

Question 21

by checking (impeding) the flow of air through control of inspiratory muscles to keep Ps constant for speech

Answer 21

Checking action

Question 22

What lung volume increases with age?

Answer 22

Residual volume

Question 23

At what percent of resting lung volume are the lungs “at rest?”

Answer 23

38%

Question 24

How many alveoli do you have when you are 9 years old?

Answer 24

300 Million