Chapter 12 Part 1

Question 1

What is the resting membrane potential?

Answer 1

-70 mV

Question 2

What is threshold potential before depolarization happens?

Answer 2

-55 mV

Question 3

Where do action potentials occur?

Answer 3

Nodes of Ranvier

Question 4

Point where Na+ channels open

Answer 4

Depolarization

Question 5

Point where Na+ channels close and K+ channels open

Answer 5

Repolarization

Question 6

Point where K+ channels close

Answer 6

Hyperpolarization

Question 7

Responsible for planning and organizing speech movements; articulation and and grammar, syntax

Answer 7

Broca’s Area

Question 8

Responsible for semantics; storage and retrieval of mental representations of words, word meaning, grammar and linguistic rules

Answer 8

Wernicke’s Area

Question 9

White matter pathway connecting posterior and anterior language areas

Answer 9

Arcuate fasiculus

Question 10

Primary auditory cortex responsible for perception and discrimination of auditory stimulus

Answer 10

Heschl’s gyrus

Question 11

Acquired language disorders in adults

Answer 11

Aphasia

Question 12

Developmental issues of learning language in children

Answer 12

Dysphasia

Question 13

What types of aphasia are there?

Answer 13

Anomic, Broca’s, Wernicke’s, global

Question 14

Problems with naming and word finding; tip of the tongue phenomenon, fluent and can understand well

Answer 14

Anomic aphasia

Question 15

Problems with syntax, speech is effortful and non-fluent; difficulty with speech output but understanding is good

Answer 15

Broca’s aphasia

Question 16

Problems with vocabulary, speech is effortless, fluent speech but comprehension/content of speech is messed up

Answer 16

Wernicke’s aphasia

Question 17

Most severe type of aphasia, entire language system is wiped out

Answer 17

Global aphasia

Question 18

Effortless speech, normal rate, grammar is okay, syntax is okay, normal intonation pattern, use all word types

Answer 18

Fluent

Question 19

Effortful speech, slow rate, grammar reduced, syntax is poor, monotone, tend to leave out function words, rely on nouns

Answer 19

Nonfluent

Question 20

What is the lesion area for anomic aphasia?

Answer 20

Temporal/parietal lobe

Question 21

Talk “around” the word, try to get meaning across

Answer 21

Circumlocutions

Question 22

Errors in speaking with a phonological or semantic error

Answer 22

Paraphasias

Question 23

“dat” for “cat” or “bite” for “kite”; phonemic or literal

Answer 23

Phonologic errors

Question 24

“dog” for “cat” or “spoon” for “fork”

Answer 24

Semantic errors

Question 25

Made-up words, non-words that have no meaning

Answer 25

Neologisms

Question 26

String of neologisms with connecting words

Answer 26

Jargon

Question 27

Aphasia associated with jargon and neologisms

Answer 27

Wernicke’s aphasia