Chapter 2 Flashcards
The exchange of gas between and organism and its environment
Respiration
O2 in, active
Inspiration
CO2 out, passive
Expiration
Where gas exchange occurs
Alveoli
contracts and let’s air into lungs
Diaphragm
Why does respiration occur?
Due to pressure changes
Force exerted on the walls of a chamber by molecules of air
Air pressure
Air pressure that exceeds atmospheric pressure
Positive pressure
Air pressure that is less than atmospheric pressure
Negative pressure
If volume increases, then pressure decreases vice versa
Boyle’s law
What is the formula for Pressure?
P = F/A
Air molecules are moving against each other
Brownian movement
What are the support structures of the respiratory system?
Thorax, muscles, bony thorax, visceral thorax
Functional unit of the vertebral column
Vertebra
How many cervical vertebrae are there?
7
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12
How many lumbar vertebrae are there?
5
where each vertebra stacks on top of each other
Corpus
Vertebrae that have the largest foramen
Cervical
Vertebra that holds up the skull
Atlas
Vertebra that helps with the rotation of the skull
Axis
Vertebra that is the basic framework for respiration, posterior attachment for the ribs, larger spinous and transverse processes, giraffe shaped
Thoracic vertebrae
Ribs ____ attach to the transverse process and corpus of its respective vertebra AND to the body of the rib above it
2-9
What transverse processes does rib 3 attach to?
T2 and T3
Vertebra responsible for support lifting and walking, moose shaped
Lumbar vertebrae
Attaches leg to vertebral column
Pelvic girdle
Composed of the scapula and clavicle
Pectoral girdle
How many true ribs are there?
1-7
How many false ribs are there?
8-10
How many floating ribs are there?
11-12
