Chapter 3

Question 1

What 2 factors drive passive expiration?

Answer 1

Elasticity, gravity

Question 2

Using muscular effort to push expiration farther

Answer 2

Active expiration

Question 3

Device used to measure respiratory volume

Answer 3

Spirometer

Question 4

Device used to measure air pressure differences

Answer 4

Manometer

Question 5

What are the 4 stages of gas exchange?

Answer 5

Ventilation, distribution, perfusion, diffusion

Question 6

Actual movement of air in the conducting respiratory pathway, air inhaled per unit time

Answer 6

Ventilation

Question 7

Refers to the migration of gas or liquid through a barrier

Answer 7

Perfusion

Question 8

Actual gas exchange across the alveolar capillary membrane

Answer 8

Diffusion

Question 9

How many cycles does the average adult go through during quiet respiration?

Answer 9

12-18

Question 10

What is considered 1 cycle of respiration?

Answer 10

1 inhalation, 1 exhalation

Question 11

Volume of air exchanged by an organism in 1 minute

Answer 11

Minute volume

Question 12

Combinations of volumes that express physiological limits

Answer 12

Capacities

Question 13

Volume of air that can be inhaled after a tidal inspiration

Answer 13

IRV

Question 14

Volume of air that can be expired following passive, tidal expiration

Answer 14

ERV

Question 15

Volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum exhalation

Answer 15

RV

Question 16

Volume of air within the conducting passageways that cannot be involved in gas exchange

Answer 16

Dead air

Question 17

Volume of air that can be inhaled during a maximal exhalation

Answer 17

Vital capacity

Question 18

How do you find vital capacity?

Answer 18

IRV + ERV + TV

Question 19

Volume of air in the body at the end of passive exhalation

Answer 19

Functional residual capacity (FRC)

Question 20

How do you find FRC?

Answer 20

ERV + RV

Question 21

Maximum inspiratory volume possible after tidal expiration

Answer 21

Inspiratory capacity (IC)

Question 22

How do you find IC?

Answer 22

TV + IRV

Question 23

Sum of IRV, TV, ERV, and FRC

Answer 23

Total lung capacity

Question 24

Change in volume (liters) divided by the change in pressure (cm H20)

Answer 24

Compliance

Question 25

Air pressure measured within the mouth

Answer 25

Intraoral/ mouth pressure

Question 26

Pressure below the vocal folds

Answer 26

Subglottal pressure

Question 27

Air pressure measured at the levels of the alveolus in the lungs

Answer 27

Alveolar pressure

Question 28

Pressure within the space between parietal and visceral pressure

Answer 28

Pleural pressure

Question 29

What pressures are roughly equivalent when the vocal folds are open?

Answer 29

Oral, subglottal, alveolar

Question 30

Pressure that stays constantly negative and increases in negativity during inspiration

Answer 30

Intrapleural